To appreciate modern art, you have to disconnect your criticism from the difficulty of actually making the brush strokes. In other words, it’s tempting to look at a painting that’s nothing more than a few slashes of brush lines, and pronounce it ‘junk’ just because it didn’t take much physical dexterity or effort to create.
But it’s not necessarily the painter’s technical skill that makes art great (although you’d be surprised at how much technical skill goes into a lot of modern art, even when it looks simple). It’s the painter’s vision, and his or her ability to get that vision across to the viewer that makes for great art. It might just be a way to express a powerful emotion like fear or loneliness or menace, or it might be a story in a picture, It doesn’t really matter, what matters is that the artist found a way to represent what he is seeing or feeling in a way that viewers can understand. Or maybe he’s found a way to cause people to have deeply personal feelings, different for each person.
A Sonnet or haiku is not in concept inferior to a novel, even though it uses far less words.
Abstract art is interesting because it removes the boundaries holding back an artist. Anything can happen. There are always possibilities for the discovery of completely new ways of expression. That makes it risky as well, which makes it even more appealing.
The problem with this kind of art is a combination of Sturgeon’s law (90% of everything is crap), and the lack of a framework in which to judge it. This leads to a lot of crap being held up as great art, and it leads to a lot of political influence in the sense that the worth of such art is often influenced by political forces in the art community - gallery owners, judges, art critics, and wealthy buyers. There are no objective standards.
But don’t let that stop you from enjoying the great stuff. Just try hard to understand what you’re looking at. Before you go to a gallery, look up the art that is going to be on exhibit there, and then research it a bit before you go. Learn what the artist was up to, why he made the choices he made. Look at other pieces of similar art, and try to understand what makes them different.
Ignore the pretensions of the art snobbery. That means don’t just accept what they tell you, but evaluate art on your own terms. Also, don’t reflexively hate art just because there are a lot of art snobs about. That’s all a sideshow.
Recently I was in Munich, and managed to get to a number of museums there. The Neue Pinakothek was awesome. It’s a museum containing artworks from 1700 up to about 1900.
To give you an idea of what I liked, and why, here’s a couple of examples:
Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller - Young Peasant Woman with Three Children at the Window
This painting was finished in 1840. I loved this painting for several reasons:
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The expressiveness of the subjects. The mother’s face shows a weariness, but she’s friendly and warm. The children are happy. And yet, it’s a family living a hard life. It tells me there’s a greatness about the human spirit - that we find a way to enjoy life no matter how hard it is.
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The quality of light. You can just feel the warmth of the sunshine - and the oppressive darkness inside the house. It’s beautiful.
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The Composition. Framing the painting inside a painting is interesting. Look at how the children are arranged. The brother and sister in the corners are facing in, the little child and the mother facing out. The proportions are great. The picture seems in balance. Even the fact that the children are weighted to the left of the picture is balanced by the hinged door on the right. Everything looks to be exactly in the right place.
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The technical ability. The artist was brilliant. The painting is almost photorealistic, and captures the expressions in the faces of everyone in the painting. The boy manages to look a little impish, the older girl is looking at her brother with a knowing smile. The artist captured all the little details that bring a scene to life.
Contrast that painting with this one: Tired of Life - Ferdinand Hodler.
This was painted in 1892, and is a painting of five old men the artist saw sitting outside a home for paupers. You have to see this painting to really appreciate it, because it’s huge. It fills most of a wall. And the museum cleverly put it near the exit, when you’re starting to feel a little tired yourself. You come into the last gallery, and here are these five old gents staring at you.
Look at them. Those men are done. Ravaged by lives full of disappointment, pain, and failure, they are penniless and sick. They have no loved ones, no money, no home. Life kicked them in the teeth, and now they just want out. But being old men, they’re too tired to do anything but just sit and wait. The middle one may have tuberculosis - all of the artist’s siblings and his parents all died of tuberculosis as I recall, so you can imagine what he was feeling when he painted these people.
But then look at the first guy on the left. He’s sitting a little straighter than the others. His hair is freshly cut. He’s looking the painter straight in the eye. His skin doesn’t have the sickly yellow tone of the three next to him. He’s even got a slight look of calm anticipation to him. You get the sense that maybe this guy’s got a round or two of fight left in him.
The guy on the right is also staring at the painter. But his eyes are a little wild, with maybe some anger in them. Or fear. Whatever it is, he looks a little shell-shocked, like he doesn’t know what hit him.
Anyway, I’m sure not everyone sees the same thing when they look at those paintings. The point is to really look at them with an open mind. Try to understand what attracted the artist to the scene. Try to put your mind in the minds of the artist or the subjects, or in the case of a landscape, try to put yourself in the scene and see if it comes to life for you and inspires some emotion.