Well, “serial killer” is used to distinguish this type of perpetrator from a mass murderist, both of whom have multiple victims. I’ve always thought “serial rapist” to be a bit silly, since those who commit multiple rapes are rarely “mass rapists.”
I should think that “mass rapist,” in analogy with “mass murderer,” would be one who rapes a lot of people all at once. The term would be rare, I think, because of the physiological limitations on such a feat.
“Serial rapist,” like “serial killer” would be someone who attacks many people, but one at a time.
There have always been"serial rapists" (indeed most serial killers are also serial rapists), but it’s only within the past 10 years the term has been used.
“Spree killers” are those who go on a shooting spree, killing many individuals over a few weeks (i.e. the DC/Virgina area Killers in 2003). I image “spree rapists” exist, but I’ve never seen that term used.