As a former USAF officer (8 years-worth) with an exchange tour with the US Army and some intel connections, I strongly second everything kmg365 said. Your best bet is some civilian government job in or near the DoD or State. I’m not a law enforcement type, so I won;'t offer suggestions there, but I must admit that Homeland Security is certainly the growth industry within government for the next few years.
If you are determined to go military, then …
Educated junior enlisted men are rare and definitely out-of-place. As well as cruelly underpaid compared to your capabilities. That 10% of E-5s & 20% of E-8s have bachelor’s degrees might be true (I’m just guessing at the numbers) but it’s also irrelevant to furt’s situation.
Officer is the only way for you to go. Pay is OK and the class difference between officer and enlisted is hard for a civilian to understand. It’s paternal, not adversarial, but it’s as strong as the difference between executives and factory workers.
Folks have said you must be 30 to be commisioned as an officer. I haven’t looked it up for myself, but even assuming that’s true, if there’s a need then there’s an exception to every regulation. And these days the DoD might be needy.
Your initial challenge would be to find a recruiter that understands working the system and is inclined towards the odder specialties. They deal predominantly with enlisted folks, so somebody wanting to go in as an officer is already a fringe case.
If there is a National Guard or Reserve unit near where you live, go talk to their PR department. Call first. They can’t help you directly, but they’re the agency most used to dealing with the public and can turn you on to whoever they have who needs somebody who can do whatever you do.
If you’re going to get a waiver on the officer age issue, it’s much more likely to suceed with somebody pulling from the inside in addition to you pushing from the outside.
If you have some idea of some job you’d like, discuss it with the local folks. They may be able to tell you about some specialized unit that does what you’re looking for. The DoD is HUGE and you can’t expect to learn your way into its nooks and crannies from the outside. And you’re an unusual enough case that the nooks and crannies are probably your best bet.
Something to consider: Unlike civilian employers, the military assumes you don’t know spit about your new job. So they train you to do it from scratch. Their only assumption is that you speak the language and aren’t handicapped mentally or physically.
So your education & work history doesn’t DISqualify you from any job they have. It also doesn’t QUALlify you for any job. Air traffic control? Supply officer? Computer programmer? Policeman? Artillery officer? Linguist? Submarine driver? Facilities maintenance? Aircraft maintenance? Ship overhaul? Etc., etc., etc.
The catalog is huge and it really comes down to what you want, what your aptitude indicates, and what they need. Your degree and teaching can be as relevant, or as irrelevant as you want it to be.
Finally, let me offer a thought about quality of life. As I said, I was both Air Force and Army. I worked maybe 10% of the time with the Navy and 5% with the Marines. My brother did essentially the same job I had, but he was Navy all the way. So I think I’m pretty well qualified to speak to the differences between the various services, at least as of when I left them 15 years ago.
All 4 services pay exactly the same for the same work and rank and longevity. Navy pays more for being on a boat or sub, but other than that they’re all the same for equivalent work.
USAF is by far the best deal in terms of lifestyle. Navy has lower quality shore facilities and depending on your job you’re stuck on the boat a lot. Boats are kinda fun at first, but the excitement wears off pretty quick.
Army spends about 1/10th what the Air Froce does per capita on facilities. After awhile the military becomes mostly a job. It’s still a unique way of life, not merely a job. But after a few years, whether the paint is peeling in your office or not can have an effect on your attitude. Likewise whether the equipment you use, be it a computer or a cannon, is 3 years old or 33. And if you’re stuck in Nowheresville USA or Korea or … you’ll start to care about the quality of the groceries and the food and the apartment they issue you.
Since I’ve been out in industry I’ve worked for companies slowly going bankrupt and companies flush with growth. Life in the Army feels a lot like the former. Shoreside Navy is better, but not much. Air Force is much more civilized.
That’s my two cents worth.