I’m with you on greater influence for MPs as a whole, Gorsnak, but I wouldn’t take the approach you suggest. Here’s why.
The reason for the importance that the “Confidence” principle has in our system is to ensure stable governments. There are parliamentary systems where there isn’t that emphasis, and it results in unstable governments that are so short-lived, and so focused on maintaining a majority, that they can’t really govern, let alone think about the long term. If you have to put all your emphasis on winning the next vote in the Commons, and then the vote after that, and the vote after that, it can take up all your energy and political capital. I wouldn’t want to see the confidence principle undermined.
Plus, if a party ran on certain promises, and then one of the MPs in that party votes against that policy in the House, why shouldn’t the party be able to kick that person out of caucus? “We promised the people that if they voted for us, we’d vote for X policy. You just broke that promise, so you’re out.”
Personally, I’m a big fan of the leadership review mechanism of the British Conservative Party. It’s a good compromise, in my view, between the need to have a leader elected by the party membership as a whole, and the need to have a leader who has the confidence of the elected MPs.
As demonstrated in the Thatcher episode, if enough MPs filed a challenge, nominating another MP for the leadership, then the first round of the vote occurred. The leader had to win a super-majority at this stage: not just over 50% of the vote, but also come in at least 15% ahead of the challenger MP.
If the leader doesn’t get that firm vote at the first round, then there will be a series of votes where whoever gets an absolute majority of the Conservative MPs will become the leader.
And, once the leadership review is concluded, there can’t be another leadership review for a year, to ensure stability. (Unlike the Aussie “spill” process. To the extent I understand it, it’s like a bar-room brawl that can be triggered at any time. Aussie Dopers can correct me if I’m wrong.
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Thatcher didn’t win at the first round. She had a majority, but failed to get 15% ahead of the challenger, Michael Heseltine. That meant a second round of votes. And, once she had failed to win the first vote, the dam broke: Thatcher discovered that her support was slipping away, in caucus and in her Cabinet.
She withdrew from the race, and two other MPs put their names forward: John Major and Douglas Hurd. Major came in first, at 49%. The rules said there had to be another ballot, but Hurd and Heseltine both withdrew, and Major became party leader and PM.
That UK Conservative arrangement gives real power to the MPs, within the party structure, rather than tinkering with the confidence principle in the House. It means the leader has to pay close attention to the positions of the MPs in the caucus, even if they’re not in Cabinet. But it also doesn’t tinker with the rules of confidence.
By contrast, the Labour Party under Cormyn seems to be moving to party rules that protect Jeremy at all cost, and whittle down the influence of the Labour MPs.