Queen: Bohemian Rhapsody
David Bowie: Young Americans
Brother Ali: The Undisputed Truth
Upon reading the rest of the thread: If I really wanted to incite a lynch mob (or, dare them to attack the guy who’s covered in blood and gore, and carrying way too many edged weapons*), I’d finish off with Strapping Young Lad’s ‘You Suck’. Hopefully some of the kids would have unlocked their inner bad-ass joined me. If not, gun control laws weren’t a thing and a lot of the parents were veterans, so they might give me a run for my money.
COME MEET YOUR FATE, DOGS! DEATH AND BLOOD! THUNDER AND GLORY!
*The OP said I am Marty McFly, and if I was Marty McFly, it would be quite a different movie.
I do like the idea of easing into it. Start with something fun, poppy and danceable like Sugar Sugar. I don’t think anybody finds this song objectionable, but the repeated line of “pour a little sugar on it(…)” might get some questioning thoughts.
Follow it up with some Pixies, I am torn but think that Monkey Gone To Heaven is the best choice. Sugar Sugar has a pop quality that I think would not be too alien to the mid 1950s crowd, but Monkey Gone To Heaven sure would sound different. But not so different that it wouldn’t be completely out of place. Plus, you may score points with the chaperones for putting God above the Devil and humans.
To end, you hit them with some Prince. Song doesn’t really matter since no matter what the kids are going to have their jaws on the floor and most of the adults will be looking to kill the power or the band. Have Let’s Go Crazy, Little Red Corvette, Cream, Darling Nikki or Sexy Mother Fucker ready to go based on the overall attitude of the crowd.
Do it right! Start with No More Mr Nice Guy and then hit 'em with School’s Out. The Kids will love it and the chaps will be having fits. then go for the guarenteed pitchforks -
Only Women Bleed!
All ya need is Alice!
God, reading all these makes it impossible to pick just three. On top of that, do I choose things I personally like? Things appropriate to a teenage dance? Or iconic examples of specific genres?
So many songs… so few choices…
When I first thought of this, I would have easily chosen Sweet Child O’ Mine by G 'n R, and who knows… on the stage, I just might do it. But looking at some of the other choices - there are some great picks here. And so many styles of music that would just drop jaws…
OK, time to stop futzing around:
Everlong, the Foo Fighters. Teach these kids what guitar rock is all about. It’s also melodic enough that it wouldn’t sound like noise to everybody (but it would to some, that’s for sure).
Then I want to do some rap, or something with rap elements in it… I don’t want to lose my audience (what’s the fun in that?) with some NWA or Eminem (hell, even Rapper’s Delight would be too weird for 'em), but I do want them to say “WTF was that?” after they’re done dancing. And I think a song that would be relatively palatable to what I’m imagining would be an extremely white bread audience would be In The End, by Linkin Park (actually, the only Linkin Park song I know). It’s got melody. It’s got rap. It might work.
Then, a genre that I don’t think has been mentioned in this thread: country. And I think to close out the set I would choose The Devil Went Down to Georgia by Charlie Daniels, a helluva shit-kicking song to belt out in 1955.
(For some reason, I can’t fathom doing a slow song for the couples dance… any suggestions? I keep thinking of Springsteen’s I’m on Fire, but am drawing a blank on any others that might be worthy.)
For our encore, we might as well get kicked out of the building: Hot for Teacher, Van Halen would do the trick. Hope we make it past my groundbreaking guitar solo. 
Eh, that’s just a cultural starting point. Marty didn’t get to play 3 songs from the future, either.
It’s a fantasy. Don’t get hung up on the details.
Rage Against the Machine: “Killing in the Name”
Followed by Nine Inch Nails’ “Closer”
First encore: Peaches’ “Fuck the Pain Away”
Drop the mic and crowd surf into an adoring poodle-skirted crowd.
John Denver - Rocky Mountain High (the future of folk music)
Van Halen - Jump (what makes that sound?)
Billy Joel - Uptown Girl or For the Longest Time (back to 50’s Frankie Valli normalcy)
Peaches en Regalia - Frank Zappa
Buddy Holly - Weezer
Lose Yourself - Eminem
Why the hell not?
Rainbow in the Dark. It rocks hard, doesn’t have any profanity, and I can totally sing it (at least if the Starlighters can tune it down half a step).
Plus, the great part is that someone can still call up the author, who proceeds to join his first band just three years later. I’m sure there’s some plausible explanation why he then waits another 25 years to record it.
Also, Candle in the Wind. They so won’t get it.
blue suede shoes
i saw her standing there
highway star
Let’s go simple:
“The One I Love,” R.E.M.
“Doomed to Be Together,” Z
“Swan Lake,” the Church.
Nothing too revolutionary, but definitely a later phase of pop music culture.
I was going to say “Yellow Submarine” but the main effect of that would be to bewilder Paul McCartney with accusations of plagiarism, and really, why?
Michael Jackson - Human Nature
Madonna- Vogue
Bohemian Rhapsody - Queen
I meant Queen - Bohemian Rhapsody:D
I like the way you think.
I use my knowledge of the future to become the worlds greatest rock star : I stay in the past, write every hit song, become the USA’s first billionaire and pass the torch to my children.
To start this off, we must introduce the 1950’s to Rock N Roll. Now, I’m assuming I’ve already played “Johnny B. Goode” like in the movie. So from there, we continue on with:
- Jailhouse Rock - Elvis Presley.
Then we introduce the 60’s with :
- Satisfaction - The Rolling Stones
And we close with the 70’s classic :
- Rock N Roll - Led Zeppelin.
If asked for an encore again, we do “I Wanna Hold Your Hand” from The Beatles, assuring myself of that famous spot on the Ed Sullivan show. 
Actually, John Rockefeller was a billionaire long before 1955. But it’s good to have goals!
I didn’t see it mentioned yet, so Stevie Wonder’s Superstition.
I might go for Pink Floyd’s Money instead of SOYCD, and I’d have a hard time not playing The Beatles’ Day Tripper.
But I would want to show that 50’s crowd that they weren’t even close to cool! 