I’m personally an agnostic, bordering on being an atheist. However, I try to have an open minded and nonjudgmental view of all faiths. There are plenty of religious people who I know and respect, who are extremely intelligent, thoughtful, reasonable people. In fact, perhaps because I live in very liberal California, I would find it hard to think of anyone who I know who is religious who I don’t think is a basically reasonable and openminded person.
That said, I think that there is a valid point to be made that religion is more likely to breed intolerance than atheism. There are large numbers of Christians, and Christian organizations (although not all!), who:
(1)believe that atheists are evil
(2)believe that atheists are going to hell
(3)believe that it is their duty to stop others from being atheists
(4)believe that those who do not share their beliefs can not be “real” or “patriotic” Americans
(5)attempt to force public money to be spent promoting their beliefs, in a variety of ways
(6)believe that laws should be passed codifying various arbitrary parts of their moral code
Are there significant numbers of atheists or atheist organizations doing the same thing? I’m certain (having witnessed it relatively often) that there are some atheists who are smug and arrogant in their perceived intellectual superiority. But that’s not the same as any of the above items. And there are certainly atheists who, while opposing (5) and (6) from above, might venture into territory that seems like the converse of (5) and (6). However, it’s a telling point that removing “in God we trust” from our coins is hardly the same as addding “there is no God” to our coins, and outlawing school prayer is hardly the same as forcing schoolkids to reflect on the stupidity of magical sky pixies once per day.
Another point: people arguing against religion relativley often bring up things like the crusades, the spanish inquisition, etc., as evidence of the harm that religion has done. This is a bit silly for at least two reasons:
(1) it happened 500 years ago. There are plenty of far more recent examples of religious intolerance to choose from
(2) things as complex as the crusades certainly had religious aspects to them, but the extent to which they were “caused” by religion is a complex debate in its own right.
However, I find it even more spurious to respond with something along the lines of “well, look at Stalin and Mao. They were atheists and killed even more people than Hitler and Torquemada combined”. No one is proposing that we should find every person who was ever killed, then check whether their killer was religious or not, and then add up two numbers, and hey, presto, we’ll be able to morally judge religion vs. atheism. There are various reasons why that would make no sense, but the most relevant is that there are plenty of times when people kill people for reasons totally unrelated to their religion, or lack thereof. Take the fire-bombing of Dresden, often cited as an unnecessary atrocity that the Allies committed during WWII (let’s assume for a moment that it was, in fact, an atrocity for the purposes of this discussion). I have no idea who ordered it. So should I, being an atheist, research whoever was the general who gave the go-ahead, find out whether that person was religious or not, and then if that person was religious, view that as a vindication for my (lack of) faith? Of course not! that would be preposterous.
There are important differences between:
(1) World Leader X subscribes to belief system Q and, unrelated to Q, commits atrocity A
(2) World Leader X subscribes to belief system Q, wants to commit atrocity A, and finds tenets of Q to support and legitimize that action
{There’s an important subcategory of (2) in which World Leader X subscribes to belief system Q and wants to commit atrocity A against a group who don’t subscribe to Q, and uses said non-belief as justification}
and
(3) World Leader X subscribes to belief system Q, and motivated primary by said belief system, commits atrocity A
I’m sure you can find examples of (1) in which Q was both religion and atheism. However, there are huge numbers of examples of (2), and arguably (3), in which Q was religion. Are there more than a vanishing few in which Q was atheism? (You might argue that Stalin and Mao were motivated by communism, and one of the tenets of communism is atheism… I guess I don’t know enough about the precise historical situations to comment on that… but it would be hard to argue that those acts were motivated by tenets of atheism. Atheism doesn’t have tenets!)
So, to sum up, I would agree with both of the following very carefully phrased statements, although I strongly stress that I in no way mean this as “every Christian is evil” or “every religious person is hateful”, or anything of that sort:
(a) A higher proportion of religious folks than atheists are zealous about their beliefs to an extent that their actions interfere with the lives of nonbelievers to some substantial negative degree
(b) Historically, more evil actions have been taken with religion as a cause or justification than have been taken with atheism as a cause or justification.
Oh, and one final point: it is certainly true that there are many many religions, many subcategories of the major religions, and huge varieties of people within each subcategory, making it close-to-useless to make sweeping statements about “all Christians” or “all Baptists” or even “all fundamental Southern Baptists”, I would argue that if one simply defines atheism as “the belief that there is no God”, then it’s even more useless to make statements about “all atheists”.