While I agree that 52! is a very big number, your assertion is only true if you define “properly shuffled” as “a sequence that has never been seen before in the history of the world and will never be seen again.”
Otherwise, you can shuffle the deck as many times as you want, and there’s a non-zero probability that the resulting order has occurred before or will happen in the future.
Fair enough. I was using the term “never” in the sense of “far less likely than you personally becoming president of the USA and winning the lottery on the same day”, not the true mathematical sense. By properly shuffled I just mean effectively randomized.
In other words, the number is so large that we are justified in feeling completely and totally confident that that sequence of cards has never occured before.
Shirley Clarkson “marketed the Paddington Bear” in the sense that she took a storybook character and transformed it into a highly successful line of toys (stuffed animals).
By *my caluclations:
If **100 billion people shuffled cards 100 times a day for **60 years, they would deal about 2 * 10[sup]17[/sup] number of hands.
52! ≈ 8 * 10[sup]67[/sup]
So. . . about a one in 4 * 10[sup]50[/sup] chance. Definitely non-zero. But not my much.
*Disclaimer: I went to public school in the Deep South, so these numbers are decidedly suspect.
**A resonable estimate as to the number of people who have ever been born.
***Let’s say they started at age 10, and lived to age 70.
Fact: you’ve probably never heard of Ingria
The first major battle of the American Civil War was fought near Manassas. Wilmer MacLean, a local grocer, found his home taken over (and subsequently shelled) as a military headquarters. Seeking safety from the fortunes of war, MacLean sold his land and moved further south - to Appomattox, where four years later MacLean’s parlor would host Generals Grant and Lee during the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia.
Speaking of Kennedy, Hitler caused Kennedy to be president.
Time-Travelling Nazis? Fiends!
Shortly before Pearl Harbor was attacked. . . on December 8, 1941, the Japanese forces attacked the British forces in Singapore.
Time-Traveling Japanese Imperialists? Fiends!
An investor in George W Bush’s early oil venture was…Osama Bin Laden’s half-brother.
Something like that.
In WWII JFK was riding a desk in Washington. Since JFK was JFK he was banging a hot broad. She happened to be Inga Arvad. Inga was a Danish journalist who got close to several Nazis before the war in order to get an interview with Hitler. She was his guest at the 1936 Olympics. Although I have seen nothing to suggest she was a Nazi she was photographed with Hitler and was being followed by the FBI. When the Navy found out about it Kennedy was transferred out of naval intelligence and sent to the Pacific. Who knows what would have happened. But JFK did use his status as a war hero to propel his political career. So if Hitler had not been photographed with Inga Arvad JFK may have spent the war behind a desk and may have never been president.
Oh. I had assumed you meant that if not for the Nazis and WWII we’d have had JPK instead of JFK.
Something like that. Singapore is on the “other” side of the International Date Line, so it was already December 8.
He certainly was the one being groomed. But Hitler didn’t kill him directly. At least I don’t think so.
Wrongful assumption.
Georges Lemaître, a Catholic priest, proposed a theory of the origin of the universe that was given a dirisive nick-name by a critic that has stuck to this day.
The “Big Bang” theory.
Cool. I’d never heard the term, and I’ve traveled through the whole place, by train, bus, and boat. The flag has a kind of Rothkoesque mesmerizing effect (at least the Wikipedia version does, as viewed on a smartphone).
Did you also hear them yelling “Boo-urns?” 