I’m an atheist, and I’d consider myself somewhat conservative, depending on how you define your terms. Given today’s political labels I’d be called a conservative, since I favor a capitalistic economic system, free trade, local control over schools, property rights, limited government, strong communities, strong military defense, low taxes, the general wisdom of already existing social institutions, etc. But I also support separation of church and state, decriminalizing pot and prostitution, I’m not a racist or homophobe, I eat lots of locally grown organic vegetables, want to preserve endangered species, and am in favor of making polluters pay for the external costs of dumping pollutants into the commons.
I suppose if I lived in Alabama I’d consider myself a liberal, but since I live near Seattle I consider myself a conservative. Some of this is mostly semantics, but I find myself voting for Republicans more often than Democrats and agreeing with op-ed pieces written by self-identified conservatives more often than self-identified liberals.
The reason liberals tend to lean heavily toward the liberal side is that traditional conservatives lean toward the religious side. If you go back to the original definitions of liberal/conservative, conservatives wanted monarchy, a state church, mercantilism, state control of the economy, and social conformity. Liberals advocated republicanism, free thought, capitalistic free trade, and social experimentation. But the US was founded on liberal principles 200 years ago. After 200 years the conservatives got used to these liberal principles and adopted them for themselves. And so we get “conservatives” who believe in free-wheeling entreprenuerial capitalism, republican government, low taxes, etc. And somehow the word “liberal” got attached to socialism, state control of the economy, high taxes, governmental social experimentation, and the welfare state.
There are still plenty of conservative conservatives, like Pat Buchanan, Jesse Helms, etc. But there are also self-identified conservatives who are really liberals. And to generalize, many liberals are really liberals, but many other self-described liberals are really socialists or social democrats.