Quote:
"How is one theory superior to another? And please don’t respond with 200 page papers on evolution, I have skimmed through a few of them. Summarize your cites and points, I am willing to learn, but not willing to read 100 pages of big words guaranteed to put me to sleep. Not looking for a degree, but willing to get a schooling. "
This is typical of creationists…“Explain it to me, but don’t go into detail.”
If you are not willing to read 100 pages of information, then you are by no means willing to learn squat! (Reading 100 pages of info may give you schooling and by no means will give you a degree.)
How is one theory superior to another? Simple, the supporitng evidence!
(The following is taken from: http://www.stardestroyer.net/Essays/Kansas.html and are by NO means my own words…but I do agree with them. All credit goes to Mike Wong; the author of this site.)
The Theory of Evolution uses the following Evidence:
Progressionism: Everywhere in the world, if you dig for fossils, you will find that as you get deeper and deeper, the fossils become simpler and simpler. This trend is known as progressionism and it indicates that animals have become more complex with time. This consistent, observed physical evidence is predicted by evolution theory but not by creation theory. If all of the world’s creatures came into being at once, why are fossils always progressively simpler as you dig deeper into the rock?
Homology: Profound similarities between different species (in conjunction with their geographical placement) were the original motivation for Darwin’s theory of evolution. To put it simply, when two species are so similar that they seem as if they’re related, then perhaps they are related. Evolution is based on “family trees”, hence the biological classification of species into larger groupings known as genera, families, orders, classes, and phyla. You can draw a “family tree” for any animal species on Earth, tracing its evolutionary ancestry. This is consistent with evolution theory because all species must have evolved from more primitive species. However, it is inconsistent with creation theory, since creationists propose that each species was “designed” separately. If they were designed separately, then why would each and every species on Earth just happen to have an ancestral “family tree” of remarkably similar but progressively less advanced organisms? There are several types of homology:
**Structural Homology**: There are fundamental similarities between divergent species within their families. For example, the forearm skeletal structure of hundreds of vertebrate species (including man and ape) are remarkably similar. The structure of the eyeball is remarkably similar among mammals. All flowering plants share structural aspects of leaves, stem, roots, etc.
**Behavioural Homology**: There are striking similarities between the behavioural instincts of different species. For example, different species of thrushes in Britan and South America line their nests in exactly the same way. Also, geographically separated different species of stickleback have similar mating rituals.
Biochemical Homology: As with structure and behaviour, there are profound similarities in the chemical makeup of numerous related species. For example, we share 98% of our DNA with apes. Human blood-precipitation agents are still 64% effective in gorillas. And at a more fundamental level, the protein enzyme known as cytochrome is part of the respiration process and is found in everything from plants to bacteria, fungus, and mammals. Minor differences in the structure of the enzyme constituents can actually be used to map the evolutionary development of entire “family trees” of species.
**Embryological Homology:** The embryos of different species are often indistinguishable from one another, even when the end product is markedly different, eg- lizards, birds, and mammals. Modes of formation of heads and torsos are often identical between different species.
Transformed organs: Some related species have similar organs in similar places, with subtly altered functions. For example, flies differ from most flying insects by having one pair of wings rather than two, but the rear pair of wings is not gone- it has been transformed into a pair of gyroscopic organs (halteres) which aid in directional control. Some fish have organs which produce an electrical discharge that can be used as a form of close-range radar, while others have the same organ in roughly the same part of their anatomy, but the electrical discharge is much stronger so that it can kill or paralyze predators and prey. This is consistent with evolution from one species to another, but a staggering coincidence if one believes in individual species design.
Vestigial organs: The human appendix serves no known function but it corresponds to the cecum of the alimentary canal of many other mammals (there has been some suggestion that it actually does serve some function, but it isn’t the same as the function of the corresponding organ in other mammals, so at worst, the appendix may be a transformed organ rather than a vestigial organ). Ostriches also serve as examples of vestigial organs, because their wings are obviously useless (ever seen a flying ostrich?) but they correspond in structure and placement to the wings of flying birds. Such structures could be evolutionary remnants of ancestral organs, but if one subscribes to creation theory, they can only be viewed as evidence that God was a lousy engineer.
Parasites and diseases: Most parasites have evolved to specialize so that they require another life form, sometimes retaining structural evidence of a previous, free-living evolutionary ancestor. It is easy to imagine organisms adapting to utilize other life forms for survival in a manner consistent with evolution theory. Once a life form becomes numerous, it behooves parasites to adapt in order to take advantage. However, if we are to believe that life was created in its current form as predicted by creation theory, then Adam and Eve must have been created with tapeworms in their stomachs and malaria parasites in their blood! In fact, Adam and Eve should have both died immediately from an astounding array of diseases, because every species of human-specialized parasite and bacteria must have been already present in their bodies or it would have promptly died for lack of a host.
Geographical distribution: If God made thousands of separate species which were coincidentally similar in every respect, why would he also locate them in such a manner that they appeared to spread outward from a single origin? Was he playing a practical joke? Similar species of flora and fauna can be found on the Cape Verde islands and Africa. Similar species of flora and fauna can be found on the Galapagos islands and South America. Similar species of tapirs are found in the seemingly distant regions of South America and the East Indies, but related tapir fossils have been found in the intermediate regions of North America, Asia and Europe, thus explaining the apparent discontinuity. Species are not located in a random fashion, even when environmental conditions favourable to their success exist in geographically separate areas.
Paleontology: The fossil record demonstrates that the structure of animals has historically been consistent with their environmental conditions. For example, the feet and teeth of horse fossils have changed in correlation with changing environmental conditions: 65 million years ago, the habitat of the horse’s ancestors was swampy and full of leafy plants. The horse ancestors (hyracotherium) accordingly had feet with four splayed toes so as not to sink in the swamp, and short teeth for eating the soft leaves. When the ground hardened and the leafy plants receded in favour of grass, more recent horse ancestor fossils had long teeth and smaller feet. This is quite a remarkable coincidence- according to the creationists, all of the fossils were put there as a practical joke by God, and they were coincidentally tailored to be consistent with evidence of appropriate environmental conditions for each era, which was also put there as a practical joke by God. This is a rather elaborate practical joke!
**Observed adaptation:[B/] It is hopefully common knowledge that bacteria have been constantly adapting to survive the antibiotic assaults of mankind. It is hopefully also common knowledge that successive generations of cockroach can become resistant to chemical pesticides, as can numerous other forms of insect. A more specific example is the British peppered moth. Before the nineteenth century it had only been seen in a gray variant, but in 1850 a black mutant variant was seen. The black variant was not successful because it was so easily spotted by predators, compared to its gray brethren which could blend into the tree bark. However, the black variant remained in the species as a recurrent strain due to a recessive gene, and when the Industrial Revolution caused the trees to darken, the black variant became dominant because its dark colouring was now an advantage in concealment from predators. This is a specific example of observed evolutionary adaptation, driven by environmental changes.
Creationists uses the following Evidence:
The Bible says so…
I think this is pretty self explanitory…