In 2005’s The Island, the clone tricks security personnel (who intend to shoot the clone) into shooting the original. (Both are played by Ewan McGregor.) The clone doesn’t directly kill the other ‘version’ of himself, but his actions are intended to get that version killed (so this may fit your criteria).
In “Future Imperfect”, The Hulk is pulled forward into the future to fight the Maestro. There had been a nuclear war, which had returned Earth to the middle ages. The Hulk in that timeline had absorbed a lot of radiation, and become even more powerful, and a bit mad. He had become the Maestro, and ruled the Earth as a despot.
The Maestro proves to be too powerful for the Hulk, but Hulk was pretty smart in those days, and manages to……trick the Maestro into following him into the time machine that brought him to the future. The Maestro ends up being sent back in time to the exact moment when the gamma bomb went off that created the Hulk in the first place
Also Marvel related, Adam Warlock has a strange relationship with his other selves. Magus is basically evil Warlock, and despotic ruler of the universe in some future timelines. Warlock absorbed his soul, which is sort of like murdering him (although he inevitably came back)
There was also Goddess, who was basically good Warlock, but good in a psychotic, destroy the universe sort of way. He absorbed her soul too
Not a movie, but in the Amber series of books by Roger Zelazny, one of the characters kills his own Shadow version to make his siblings think he’s dead. I can’t remember offhand which book it’s in.
In the 1979 version of Invasion of the Body Snatchers, the Donald Sutherland character kills the newly-hatched replicant of himself. The replicant can move at that point, but its features aren’t quite fully formed – Donald’s character had dozed off, but hadn’t fallen into the deep sleep at which point substitution takes place.
On Star Trek, when Kirk was split in two, one half had to capture the other half so they could become one again. His second half considered the merger something like dying.
The Tom Cruise character in Oblivion, doesn’t he kill another clone version of himself to access his ship?
Does Luke Skywalker on Dagobah qualify?
And not the same thing, but in Matrix Reloaded Neo kills off all future versions of himself by choosing to break the reincarnation cycle, right after seeing all his past lives on the monitors in the Architect’s office.