If group of eskimos were deported to iceberg, could they start a new life there? Let’s assume they are allowed to take with them kayak and some other tools.
Until it melts.
Doubtful. History is littered with failed expeditions where relatively well-equipped men with then modern weapons perished. Not all dietary requirements can be supplied by seal and fish. While seal is rich in calcium, which would forestall rickets, scurvy would be a real problem, even though organ meat contains vitamin C.
I agree with all of this, but the Inuit diet includes seaweed, and I wonder how much that would forestall dietary issues.
(It includes a lot of other plants that are gathered, but seaweed is the only one that doesn’t require going to shore AFAIK. The other stuff is probably required for the micronutrients.)
Good luck finding any kind of weed while stuck on an iceberg drifting in the middle of the ocean ;).
It would likely help. I would think that the physical exertion required to maintain life on an ice floe would exceed the required calorie intake very soon. Even expeditions that were stranded on shore suffered a high rate of death by starvation and disease. Interestingly, one ill-advised Canadian expedition to Wrangell Island in 1923 resulted in all members dying with the exception of an Inuit woman, Ada Blackjack, who survived for two years before rescue.
This, and you’re not going to get too many seals going anywhere near a drifting iceberg once they figure out that bit of ice is filled with predators.
If they had boats they could go hunting at sea and maybe collect some kelp. Of course they could also travel to the mainland and not be stuck on an iceberg.
If they’re stuck on an iceberg, there are going to be a lot of physical issues: even if there happens to be a flat spot for them to hang out, they’re probably 30 feet above the water with no way for them to get down. Except maybe by being on a piece of the berg that breaks off, which, you know, creates its own issues. Or when the whole thing melts enough on top that it turns over completely…
Now, stuck on an ice floe, that’s different.
Where would they get fresh drinking water? Does melted ice on an iceberg contain any salt? They couldn’t drink seawater directly from the ocean. They would need a means to de-salinate their water.
Never mind. On Googling this, I find that icebergs are made of fresh water.
Icebergs are freshwater, but ice floes (which our hypothetical intrepid Eskimos would most likely be on, as noted by Quercus) are salty. Not as salty as the water they are formed from, though, and according to this the salt content decreases with age.
I’ve survived on iceberg for many years, with just an occasional foray into romaine.
When the iceberg drifted down to Newfoundland in July, they will be able to kayak ashore to a town, and buy loaves of bread and tins of beans and jugs of milk.
Every summer, a polar bear or two wanders around in a Newfoundland town, when an iceberg bumps ashore. Even the polar bears do not flourish on an iceberg, and prolonged hunger makes them relatively short-tempered and cantankerous, even by polar bear standards…
Go with the floe and be progressive.
Only dead fish go with the floe.
The closest thing I’ve read to what the OP is proposing was the Polaris Expedition, headed by Charles Francis Hall. They became icebound like so many before them, and a group of 19 men were left stranded on an ice floe. Included among them were all of the expedition’s Inuit hunters. Despite having nearly a ton of provisions with them, they would have starved to death had it not been for the hunting skills of the Inuit and the fact that they had a couple of whaleboats and kayaks with them. As it was, they survived six months and 1800 miles of drifting before rescue.
I reckon the Inuit stuck on the ice floe would soon become pretty salty themselves 
Tobacco, at least, when an ocean liner hits it — provided they don’t wait until they can walk on board.