Different Forms of Latin Letters

Factual Questions
1

Hello all!

I’ve noticed that many Latin letters have different forms. For instants, the lower-case “A” can be a or a. The lower-case “G” can be g or g. The lower-case “S” used to be “s” and “ſ”. The lower-case “R” could be “r” or a half-r.

Does anybody have more examples of this?

I understand that some of these differences may simply be caused by handwriting, but are there any other reasons?

And finally, does anybody have a picture of a half-r or know of a font that includes it?

~98989

2

Sorry for the errors above. I meant a and *script a *, and in the g I meant “g” and the normal g used when writing.