In the languages I sort of know (English, Mandarin, French) water is separated into ice/water/steam, whereas drippy hydrogen is simply liquid hydrogen, and stinky sulfur is just sulfur gas. And I know that water isn’t an element, but it might as well have been to the ancients.
I assume this is due to the importance of water to life. Do most cultures recognize this? Are there any languages that call water “wet ice” or steam “gassy water”?
Spanish has hielo, agua, and vapor for ice, water, and steam.
Perhaps some languages that developed in the tropics might not have had a word for ice, particularly before artificial refrigeration?
In Thai, ice (น้ำแข็ง) is a compound word with constituents meaning ‘water hard’; similarly steam (ไอน้ำ) is ‘vapor water.’
Japanese has an extra one.
koori = ice
mizu = (cold) water
(o-)yu = hot water
ki = steam (the basic word is ki meaning vapour but depending on the context it could be jouki - as in a steam turbine - or yuge - as in what steams up your glasses in the sauna)
It would be incorrect (and a typical foreigner error) to say atsui mizu for hot water.
English also has different basic words for snow, sleet, hail, frost – which are all the same things (ice) but present themselves in nature in different ways. Those distinctions would all be subdivided and differentiated according to how relevant the difference is to the culture that uses the language.
Running them all through the google translator, not all languages distinguish them, and quite a few seem to have no word at all for ‘frost’.
Vapor de agua, specifically, for water steam, as vapor can also mean other gases or even a steamship. Catalan is the same (including the ship bit), I think French is as well (in Dunkirk you can see un des vapeurs which took the English sailors out of France saying “we’ll be back!” at the beginning of WWII).
I’m not sure it’s the importance of water as it is the antiquity.
As a generalization, the earlier concepts enter language the more likely they are to be named individually. If you look at irregular verbs, as an example, the more basic the concept the more likely they are to be irregular. I once read that “to be” is irregular in every language, though I can’t confirm that.
Hydrogen is quite modern compared to water as a concept. It’s not surprising that it developed in a different way linguistically.
Sulfur is a solid, and, although I suppose there are conditions under which it can be vaporized, it will not do so in air under normal conditions of pressure. Any “stinky sulfur” you are smelling is probably either hydrogen sulfide or sulfur dioxide, both gasses at normal temperatures and pressures. (They both smell unpleasant, but in quite different ways.) Heating sulfur in air will cause it to burn, forming sulfur dioxide.
I particularly like snow in Farci…barf. So it barfs in Iran.
But probably not often.
Farsi, you mean?
It doesn’t really sound the same as “barf” though. It’s similar in Indian languages “baraf” or “borof”
Those are words specific to types of precipitation, though, which is a bit different from having words for just different kinds of water.
Russian has a word, “voda,” for water in general, water from the tap, in the bath, in a lake, whatever, that may or may not (probably not) be potable, and also “kipyetok,” for boiled water, suitable for making tea, but sometimes also used to refer to water that has been boiled and cooled down, and is safe from drinking from a pitcher in the fridge. It depends on whether you live in a place where it’s safe to drink the tap water. There’s also a single word for mineral water. Also, vodka is the word for water, “voda,” tweaked a little, the way you would to make a diminutive of it. If someone’s name is Marina, people might call her “Marinka.” And voda --> vodka.
It does snow in Iran. They had a lot of snow this past winter.
I would counsel against drawing any conclusions from such Google Translate experiments. Maybe you are used to seeing it perform reasonably well for some language pairs (such as English-Spanish) but its limitations become very apparent if you ask it to translate to or from Japanese or Finnish.
“Ki” does not mean steam in Japanese; it represents the state of something. In the case of “jouki”, it would be the gaseous state of (water).
The first meaning of the character 気 ki in my online dictionary is “air;vapour;gas”.
Good to know - my doctor told me to drink more water. 
More water, not little water.
Oh, it was online. Then it must be true.