There have been a ton of double nominations, but only a handful of triples (* indicates eventual winner):
1935 Best Actor: Clark Gable, Charles Laughton, Franchot Tone–Mutiny on the Bounty
1954 Best Supporting Actor: Lee J. Cobb, Karl Malden, Rod Steiger–On the Waterfront
1972 Best Supporting Actor: James Caan, Robert Duvall, Al Pacino–The Godfather
1974 Best Supporting Actor: Robert DeNiro*, Michael V. Gazzo, Lee Strasberg–The Godfather, Part II
1963 Best Supporting Actress: Diane Cilento, Edith Evans, Joyce Redman –Tom Jones
Every one of these was a Best Picture winner (as was your example, Amadeus). Other double nods for Best Picture winners:
1939 Best Supporting Actress: Olivia de Havilland, Hattie McDaniel*–Gone with the Wind
1942 Best Supporting Actress: Dame May Whitty, Teresa Wright*–Mrs. Miniver
1944 Best Actor: Bing Crosby*, Barry Fitzgerald–Going My Way
1947 Best Supporting Actress: Celeste Holm*, Anne Revere–Gentleman’s Agreement
1953 Best Actor: Montgomery Clift, Burt Lancaster–From Here to Eternity
1969 Best Actor: Dustin Hoffman, Jon Voight–Midnight Cowboy
1976 Best Supporting Actor: Burgess Meredith, Burt Young–Rocky
1979 Best Supporting Actress: Jane Alexander, Meryl Streep*–Kramer vs. Kramer
1980 Best Supporting Actor: Timothy Hutton*, Judd Hirsch–Ordinary People
1983 Best Actress: Shirley MacLaine*, Debra Winger–Terms of Endearment
1983 Best Supporting Actor: John Lithgow, Jack Nicholson*–Terms of Endearment
1986 Best Supporting Actor: Tom Berenger, Willem Dafoe–Platoon
2002 Best Supporting Actress: Catherine Zeta-Jones*, Queeh Latifah–Chicago
But there have been a ton of other examples over the years, too.