Oh gosh yes, this. In high school French we had some textbook that told the story of some medieval legend where a swallow (hirondelle) flies in through a window carrying a tress of the heroine’s hair (un cheveux blond) and that always got turned into a “blond horse”. Powerful swallow, that.
As for English words that trap foreigners, do not miss the Open Letter to Arabic Labials:
I’ve learned not to say “several” in English to Thais, because they always think I’m saying “seven” exactly, no more and no less.
Yeah, my Chinese wife always mixes up “soup” and “soap.” Also for some reason, “Madonna” and “McDonald’s” are confusing and hard for her to pronounce.
A vietnamese student my ex was sharing with was making a Recipe.
She had a recipe which called for ‘can of pie apple’. Apple prepared for use in pies.
She had a can of pineapple. No harm done, pineapple was very similar.
At a vietnamese restaurant, we had the asked for lemon squash.
What we were given was lemonade and Scotch.
Non. Hair is cheveux. Horses are chevaux.
Non. That would be des cheveux blonds. Or alternatively, a lock of blond hair would be une mèche de cheveux blonds, or simply une mèche blonde.
I’ve encountered that more than a few times, with native English speakers – usually, not-highly-educated bods with not very extensive vocabularies. Seemingly they didn’t know the word “several” – they processed what they thought they’d heard, and took it that I meant “seven”.
I had an experience akin to that, not very long ago – with a guy who certainly seemed to be a native English speaker. In a pub in Birmingham, England, I asked for a scotch. The bartender had trouble understanding – it turned out that he thought I was trying to order food – heard my “scotch”, as “scallops” – which weren’t even on the menu.
It could possibly be, of course, that I’m the one who “talks weird”…
That’s hilarious! 
A written version:
It seems like every laundromat has a “NO LOITERING” sign posted on the outside. This alone amuses me because what else are you supposed to do while the spin cycle finishes? Anyway, the laundromat about a mile away one day added a Spanish version posted just below the original to communicate with the increasingly bi-lingual community. It read, “NO TIRE BASURA”, which means “NO LITTERING” in Spanish. Lots of giggles over the years were provided to me and my Spanish speaking sister whenever we saw that sign over the years. We could picture the one Spanish speaking person at the sign shop being asked, “Hey. What’s Spanish for…” Well, you get the joke.
So the punchline is that the discrepancy was finally fixed. The “NO LOITERING” sign was taken down and replaced by, of course, one that read “NO LITTERING.” Me loves language.
Another one I hear a lot over here is when Thais try to say “Excuse me” in English. It very often comes out as “Accuse me,” an odd concept if ever there was one. “Okay … sir, I accuse you!”
And of course there’s the tale of the Welsh town where they wanted a sign that said “trucks prohibited on this road”, but instead go one that said “I’m out of the office, please e-mail later”, because that was the reply they got from their e-mail to the translator.
“J’accuse!”
lettuce turnip & pee
taut & taught & tot
lettuce turnip & pea
Nah, we don’t. I wish we did, though, it would have saved me hours of making sure I wasn’t saying “sheet” wrong.
As an Argentinian, one of my biggest issues is “b” when I should pronounce “v”. I think half of my linguistics talks end up being about bowels.
The difference in English between “shit” and “sheet” isn’t just about length, though. The vowels are slightly different themselves. The vowel in “sheet” is a close, front vowel. The vowel in “shit” is near-close, and near front. It’s a little difficult to explain, but if I say “shiiiiiiit” and “sheeeeet” (making both vowels “long,”) they are distinct words with different vowel sounds and my mouth is in a different position to make those sounds.
We’ve had thirty years of fun off a pronunciation error my husband made in high school German. He was supposed to say “turn on the headlights”- scheinwerfer. He said “schweinwerfer.”"
“oink, oink oink oink…splat.”
This may be common in lots of places. Someone I know named Barbara lived in Greece for a few years, and they often called her “Varvara.”
It’s kind of amusing that the people who coined the term “barbarous” from the sound they thought foreign people were making can’t actually make that sound. 
If we’re doing mistranslation: For an exam a friend was trying to translate a folktale from French to English. A man (who is in fact lying) is telling the queen that his wife has died in the night. My friend’s version: my wife grows lively at night!
To what extent is “scotch” used for whisky in Britain anyway? It seems very American to me.
Actually, you don’t. You may make that mistake continually though.