I apologize in advance: If I’m forceful, it’s because I’d like any supporting evidence to emerge before I go on a crusade to gather evidence to debunk it.
I’ve read this claim in GQ and elsewhere many times, but I’ve never been able to locate such a law. I’ve asked for a cite many times, and never gotten one. In many countries, this is explicitly not the law. “Simulated” “Display” and “artificial” for menus, advertising, and other displays is an actual industry, independent of ad agency photography prep and other tricks. (A mass-produced plastic pie or roast is likely to only superficially resemble the ones prepared/served in the restaurant)
I’ve had people claim that “actual ingredients” only applies to restaurants, not packaged foods, but though the chains are fiecely protective of their corporate image, I believe (I won’t be more emphatic, since I don’t have a cite) I’ve seen shows about the making of (e.g.) Wendy’s commercials in its early years, and they seemed to use the full array of tricks available to Swanson’s
There are many US examples where the pictured “foods” aren’t remotely the same food served. Ice cream was cited, but dairy products like milk also use paint (or similar substances) instead because real milk is the wrong color, and doesn’t have “TV” viscosity and pouring properties, I doubt an anti-fraud law says “unless it’s too inconvenient to get the picture you want.” In the soup example, they don’t stock the marbles in the restaurant, much less serve them. Many depictions of roast poultry aren’t blowtorched, but painted (with carmel color, often, but based on the news, infotainment, and documentaries I’ve seen, any surface treatment that gets the desired result is considered fair game)
Take a look at this Whopper™ on the official website. I’ve never seen a Whopper in real life (and I used to eat a lot of them when I ws younger) where the meet extended beyond the bread, and the bread and patty sizes are highly standardized. Sure you could say they just painted an uncooked patty, but frankly, I don’t think even that would suffice, and I doubt they bother creating a special ultra-thin cupped 40z patty for these photos (that’s certainly never come up in any of the TV shows I’ve seen) The same applies to the products of the other chains. (again, Wendy’s came to mind)
I’m going to ask again for a cite of this putative law. I’m half an inch from believing this is an urban myth, and I’d prefer to be wrong. There may be a weasel-worded “fair representation” clause, but I’ve seen no evidence of a “ingredients as pictured” law, and contrary evidence is hardly uncommon.