As evidenced by the recent activity in and around Phoenix, it’s Haboob season. Unless I am mistaken, I thought I saw a video of an aircraft taking off during during such an event. I also saw numerous aircraft sitting on the tarmac. Is there not an issue w/regard to the dust being ingested in the aircraft engines, whether or not the engines are under power?
If they know it is coming and have time the plane will have its various openings covered to prevent dust/sand getting in.
They may tether the plane to the ground and control surfaces may be locked so they do not flap around.
Best would be to put it in a hangar but that is not possible for most aircraft.
Then lots of inspection afterwards.