Is “to pass through the seven circles of hell” - or some variant thereof with the “seven” and “hell”/“Gehinom”, a commonly known or stock expression in modern Hebrew?
Yes - שבעת מדורי גהינום “Shiv’at medorei gehenom”. Literally: “the seven wards of hell”. It’s a widely used expression.
Great. Thanks. It means to accomplish something really hard?
It means to pass something really onerous and unpleasant. As in, “I had to go through the seven wards of hell to get my driving license back.”