Turns out July 29 is quite the happening day! I thought it’d be interesting to include people who died on my birthday.
Events
1014 - Battle of Kleidion: Byzantine emperor Basil II inflicts not only a decisive defeat on the Bulgarian army, but his subsequent savage treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria to die of shock.
1030 - The Battle of Stiklestad: The fall of King Olaf “the Saint”, and start of Danish rule in Norway.
1567 - James VI is crowned King of Scotland at Stirling.
1588 - Battle of Gravelines: The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, France.
1693 - War of the Grand Alliance: Battle of Landen - France wins a Pyrrhic victory over Allied forces in the Netherlands.
1793 - John Graves Simcoe decides to build a fort and settlement at Toronto, having sailed into the bay there.
1848 - Irish Potato Famine: Tipperary Revolt - In Tipperary, an unsuccessful nationalist revolt against British rule is put-down by police.
1851 - Annibale de Gasparis discovers asteroid 15 Eunomia.
1858 - United States and Japan sign the Harris Treaty.
1864 - American Civil War: Confederate spy Belle Boyd is arrested by Union troops and detained at the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, DC.
1900 - In Italy, King Umberto I of Italy is assassinated by Italian-born anarchist Gaetano Bresci.
1907 - Sir Robert Baden-Powell founds the Boy Scouts movement with the first scout camp at Brownsea Island.
1932 - Great Depression: In Washington, DC, US troops disperse the last of the “Bonus Army” of World War I veterans.
1945 - The BBC Light Programme radio station was launched, aimed at mainstream light entertainment and music.
1947 - After being shut off on November 9, 1946 for a refurbishment, ENIAC, the world’s first all-electronic digital computer, is reactivated after a memory upgrade. It will remain in continuous operation until October 2, 1955.
1948 - After a hiatus of 12 years due to World War II, the first Summer Olympics opened in London, United Kingdom.
1954 - The Fellowship of the Ring, the first part of The Lord of the Rings, is published in the UK.
1957 - The International Atomic Energy Agency is established.
1958 - The U.S. Congress formally creates the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
1965 - Vietnam War: The first 4,000 101st Airborne Division paratroopers arrive in Vietnam, landing at Cam Ranh Bay.
1967 - Vietnam War: Off the coast of North Vietnam in the Gulf of Tonkin, fire sweeps the USS Forrestal, in the worst US naval disaster since World War II (134 American servicemen are killed, 62 injured, 21 planes are destroyed and 42 more are damaged).
1976 - In New York City, the “Son of Sam” pulls a gun from a paper bag, killing one and seriously wounding another in the first of a series of attacks that terrorized the city for the next year.
1981 - Lady Diana Spencer marries Charles, Prince of Wales.
1993 - The Israeli Supreme Court acquits accused Nazi death camp guard John Demjanjuk of all charges and he is set free.
1996 - The controversial child protection portion of the Communications Decency Act (1996) is struck down as too broad by a US federal court.
2004 - U.S. Senator John F. Kerry of Massachusetts accepts the Democratic nomination for President of the United States at the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston, Massachusetts.
Births
1805 - Alexis de Tocqueville, historian and political scientist (d. 1859)
1869 - Booth Tarkington, author (d. 1946)
1871 - Grigori Rasputin, Russian spiritualist (d. 1916)
1874 - 1883 - Benito Mussolini, Italian dictator (d. 1945)
1892 - William Powell, actor (d. 1984)
1905 - Clara Bow, actress (d. 1965)
1905 - Dag Hammarskjöld, UN Secretary-General (d. 1961)
1905 - Thelma Todd, actress (d. 1935)
1938 - Peter Jennings, television news anchor
1949 - Vida Blue, Major League Baseball player
Deaths
238 - Pupienus and Balbinus, Roman emperors (assassinated)
1099 - Pope Urban II
1108 - King Philip I of France (b. 1081)
1507 - Martin Behaim, navigator and geographer (b. 1459)
1644 - Pope Urban VIII
1833 - William Wilberforce, campaigner against slavery
1844 - Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, composer
1856 - Robert Schumann, German composer
1890 - Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter (b. 1853)
1900 - King Umberto I of Italy
1951 - Hozumi Shigeto, Japanese author
1954 - Coen de Koning, Dutch speed skater
1970 - John Barbirolli, conductor
1970 - George Szell, Hungarian conductor
1974 - Mama Cass Elliot, musician
1974 - Erich Kästner, German author
1975 - James Blish, science fiction writer
1979 - Bill Todman, game show producer
1981 - Robert Moses, New York public works official (b. 1888)
1982 - Vladimir Zworykin, physicist and inventor
1983 - David Niven, actor
1983 - Raymond Massey, actor
1983 - Luis Buñuel, director
1984 - Fred Waring, band leader, inventor
1990 - Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (b. 1911)
2001 - Edward Gierek, Polish politician
2001 - Henryk Jablonski, President of Poland
2001 - Wau Holland, German hacker
2003 - Foday Sankoh, Sierra Leonean rebel leader
2004 - Francis Crick, molecular biologist
2004 - Rena Vlahopoulou, Greek comedienne and actress (b. 1923)
Holidays and observations
Peru - Independence Day (observed)
Norway - St. Olav’s Day
Roman Catholic Church - Feast of Saint Olaf (Olaf II of Norway), patron of woodcarvers
Roman Catholic Church - Feast of Saint Martha, sister of Lazarus, patron of cooks and dieticians
Faroe Islands - Ólavsøka: opening of the Løgting session