Maybe there’s some more advanced way to truly invest in currency but, so far as I know you’re just figuring that the exchange rate will change - either because people do/don’t want the local currency to do business in, or because the government is doing something inflationary/deflationary.
Either of those would generally not be a “buy and hold” sort of deal. If you know that the US government is going to print off double the amount of dollars and send checks out to everyone in order to reduce the wealth gap, for example, you might convert all of your US dollars into Yen, wait until after the checks have all been sent out and the money exchangers have halved the value of a dollar, and then you convert your money back.
Let’s run that through with some actual numbers. We’ll say that this is the state of the economy at the very beginning when the government decides that it wants to reduce the wealth gap.
You $8
Warren $8
Anne $1
Billy $2
Charles $1
Emmy $1
Jane $2
Sam $1
The economy has $24, total. They’re planning to print off a new $24 and evenly divide it between the people. E.g. they’re hoping to achieve:
You $10 + $3 = $13
Warren $10 + $3 = $13
Anne $1 + $3 = $4
Billy $2 + $3 = $5
Charles $1 + $3 = $4
Emmy $1 + $3 = $4
Jane $2 + $3 = $5
Sam $1 + $3 = $4
Since there will be twice as many dollars to trade for all the same amount of stuff, dollars would only be worth half as much. If a pizza used to cost $0.10 then now it should cost about $0.20. But really, that’s just an arbitrary number, either way. What matters from the government perspective is that the rich folk (you and Warren) used to be 8x richer than the poorest people and now you’re only 3.25x richer. You used to be able to buy 80 pizzas but now you can only afford 40. Anne could by 10 pizzas, now she can buy 20.
That’s the government’s plan, at any rate. But since you know that it’s going to happen, you convert to Yen first (we’ll say that $1 = ¥100).
So before the checks go out, the economy looks like this:
You ¥800
Warren $8
Anne $1
Billy $2
Charles $1
Emmy $1
Jane $2
Sam $1
(Plus a currency exchange corp holds your old $8)
Checks go out:
You ¥800 + $3 = ¥800 + $3
Warren $10 + $3 = $13
Anne $1 + $3 = $4
Billy $2 + $3 = $5
Charles $1 + $3 = $4
Emmy $1 + $3 = $4
Jane $2 + $3 = $5
Sam $1 + $3 = $4
(Plus a currency exchange corp holds your old $8)
Now you want to convert your Yen back to dollars. Officially, they’re worth $16 so somehow the currency exchange company needs to come up with that much money despite only having $8 on the books. They’ll have to borrow from the central bank, and pay back the loan, so they’re going to charge you money to convert back to dollars. Let’s imagine that they only give you $14, withholding $2 as their “profit margin”.
You $14 + $3 = $17
Warren $13
Anne $4
Billy $5
Charles $4
Emmy $4
Jane $5
Sam $4
You’re now the wealthiest person in America where, previously, you were even with Warren. That said, you went from having 8x the wealth as the poorest people and now you’re 4.25x richer. That’s better than the 3.25x that the government was targeting, but you still took a significant hit.
Ultimately, it helps to reduce the damage more than it acts as an investment.
That said, if you’re putting your money into actual investments in Japan, using your Yen, that the money can continue to grow on the back of successful, well run Japanese businesses under a stable, well run government that’s uninterested in “leveling the field”. Meanwhile, the US dollar stocks are likely to have dropped in value.
And while the ratio between you and the poorest shrunk, the middle class grew and the upper class shrank. There’s a lot of demand for middle class houses because a lot of people have middle class money. No one but you has “wealthiest person in the country” money. So if any of the wealthy go to sell their old house, it’s much easier for you to be the top bidder. The glut of middle classer drives down demand for the very top houses, lowering their price, since there’s too many of them relative to the distribution of money in the country.
Being the wealthiest person in the country has a way of expanding the 4.25x figure higher in some practical terms.
Socialism, yum.