Most women who are capable of having children are not capable of having 19 precisely BECAUSE of money, environment, health care, child caretakers, etc. For example, in those agricultural societies Shagnasty mentioned that needed as many hands as possible, Mama isn’t out there just producing more hands; she’s got to take care of the ones already born. (The contraceptive effects of breastfeeding, e.g., have already been mentioned.)
There are precious few societies where women had no role in child-rearing to take them away from producing more. Perhaps the closest version would be very wealthy women in medieval and early modern societies who could rely upon wet nurses and servants, freeing her up to have more kids, but even there health care and marital separations would have acted as brakes. To give a few examples, though, from English royal history:
Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, 8 kids between 1153 and 1166 (she already had two from her first marriage)
John and Isabella of Angouleme, 5 kids between 1207 and 1215 (she had nine more with her second husband)
Henry III and Eleanor of Provence had 5 children between 1239 and 1253.
Edward I and Eleanor of Castile had 16 children, 1255-1284 (Edward had several more with his second wife)
Edward II and Isabella of France had 4 between 1312 and 1321
Edward III and Phillippa of Hainault had 13, 1330-1355