It’s a bad habit of mine to take part in threads about subjects I know absolutely nothing about, but here goes, heh…
I’m far from being a writer (I prefer pointless rambling, heh), but I’ve always thought that a good way to get yourself published is to write a few short stories and put them up on the net. You’d get some experience at doing a “start to finish” story, be a little more warmed up for writing “the big one”, and if you put it on the net, other people will see it. Then you’ve got a few stories for people all over the world to read and you write your big one, then put up a chapter or two on the net. Set up a Guestbook or something so people can easily reply to you, and ask “If my novel was published, would you buy a copy for X amount of money? Please leave a comment, as I’m trying to get published! Thanks!”
If your writing IS good, you might get a huge list of people (get them to leave a name of course, maybe an E-Mail address too) saying they’d buy the book if it were on shelves. I imagine that if you took that to a publisher, they’d have to seriously consider taking a chance on you because if they put it out, they’re pretty much guaranteed that most of those people will buy a copy, and that if the people who read your work on your page will buy a copy, there’s a good chance other people who haven’t seen your page will.
(you could even set up a weblog (online “journal” site, where you can basically write about whatever you want whenever you want, like having a diary but everyone can read it…you can set up a free one at http://www.scribble.nu/ that you can customize to look the way you want) type site and write, say, a week long story…adding another section of it each day for people to read. People love that kind of interactive stuff, heh)
If you haven’t been published and you’re an unknown writer, it’s a huge risk to take a chance on you…but if you can say, “Hey look, I’ve got my own fanbase right now!”, I’d imagine they’d be more interested in you.
This is purely my point of view, however…As I stated before, I’m not a writer. I haven’t had anything published, and I’m definately not a publisher myself, heh. But if I WERE, this is how I would be thinking. 
Good luck!
- Tsugumo (nothing witty to put in these brackets today…curses)