Legal question: Why didn't Christina Crawford just challenge her mother's will?

There is one thing about the whole “Mommie Dearest” story that I have never understood.

It is my understanding that Joan Crawford’ disinheriting Christina was the so-called straw that broke the camel’s back: the reason Christina wrote “Mommie Dearest” in the first place. (Some sources suggest that, except for the disinheritance, a lot of Chrissie’s memoir is inaccurate, exaggerated, or just plain made up.) So if being cut out of her mother’s will made her so upset (not that I’d blame her), why didn’t Christina just contest Joan’s will? As an adopted daughter she must have had a prima facie claim to a share of Joan’s estate. And maybe she wasn’t rich, but the woman was hardly destitute, so she could have hired a reasonably competent lawyer if that were necessary.

I’m aware this may touch on general legal issues (for example, does a party contesting a will have to announce his/her intentions BEFORE the reading of the will?) so if anyone has some expert insights into the matter I would be most interested in hearing them.

I’m not terribly familiar with the case, but I’d suspect she just didn’t have any grounds to contest the will – the will met all the technical legal requirements for validity, and there wasn’t anyone she could credibly claim was exerting undue influence over Momma Crawford. I assume Momma Crawford was of sound mind when she disinherited Lil’ Chrissy. The starting point to answering your question is: on what grounds would she mount a challenge?

I’m unaware of any requirement to announce a challenge before the reading of the will, and doubt that is so. How on earth would a party know if they need to mount a challenge until they know the contents of the will? I.e., how can they know if evil golddigging E! reality show star was exerting undue influence on Poppa until they know Poppa left everything to her?

I guess my thought process is in this vein: Since Joanie had no natural children, of her four adopted children no one (or two) had a stronger claim by law than the others. (Right? Wrong?) Can a child - adopted or natural - claim he or she has a right to a share of the estate by virtue of the parent/child relationship and sue on those grounds?

The fact of the will shows that there is nothing illegal about deifically determining two of your four children can walk away with 77 grand and the remaining two don’t get squat if that’s what you damn well feel like doing. (And the fact that JC specifically disinherited two of them shows that the matter was not an oversight or inadvertent omission.) Could Christina and/or Christopher claim (this is the best I can do, sorry) that, “No, there are no reasons known to me why there should have been no provision for me,” and contest the will on the notion that Mommie Dearest must have had a memory lapse or the like; ie., contest her competence regarding the reason for disinheritance?

I have heard of other celebrity wills being contested; for example, that is why there is currently no “W. C. Fields College for White Orphan Boys and Girls”.
PS: Okay, maybe I’m making a big deal out of it. But to answer an obvious question, Yes, I do have reason to believe the legal principles will affect me personally.

But my understanding is that you can’t disown adopted children (at least here in South Carolina), right? (I have an older “brother” adopted in my father’s first marriage who should have been disowned years and years ago.) Does that mean you have to leave them something in the will? That’s sort of the gist of what my mother told me when I had some issues with the will as written. (It’s since been changed a number of times and I have no idea what it says now.)

Then you need to consult an attorney licensed in your jurisdiction and fully conversant with all the facts of the case. Don’t trust your financial future to a bunch of strangers on a message board who could be making things up willy-nilly.

As a general answer, it depends on jurisdiction. Most states allow testators to disown children, some may not. Of those that do, some may require some specific statement to that effect in the will or some other evidence that the testator did not simply forget about his other children, but others require no such evidence. Additionally, the rules may differ if the children in question are minors or not. This is an area of the law that is relatively variable across state lines, which is why you need to consult an attorney in your jurisdiction to find out the answers.

–Cliffy

However, I recently read an article written in Redbook magazine in 1960, when Christina was only 21 and her mother was alive and well and obviously aware of all that was written in the article. It would only seem in 1960, not many people thought ill of Joan Crawford. This was many years before her death when nobody would have dreamed of her daughter later publishing a book and airing a movie with the horrific charges Christina made of her in the portrayal of Mommie Dearest. And it would also seem the writer of the article in 1960 would have to be “extremely careful” not to misquote Joan Crawford or print anything she could dispute or get them in trouble for writing. The Revolt of Joan Crawford’s Daughter

There was one specific fact written in the 1960 article that all but confirms to me who I should believe. Joan Crawford was quoted saying that Christina got expelled from Chadwick Academy as a teenager and her mother had no choice except to send her to Flintridge convent where Christina was not allow any phone calls or mail in or out, nor visitors nor allowed to leave or have any privileges or any life until she was a legal adult and could sign herself out of the place. Crawford is quoted as saying the reason Christina got sent to the convent is because it was the only school that would accept her after the expulsion from Chadwick and all the trouble she got into. Yet Christina affirms she was never expelled from Chadwick. Now obviously this “discrepancy” of their two stories in 1960 is not a simple “difference of opinion” between them. Christina either got expelled from Chadwick or she did not. So it means one of them has to be telling a bold faced lie.

In the article, it states that there is no record of Christina’s expulsion from the school she reports her mother forced her out of to put her in a prison-like convent. Why wouldn’t there be evidence of expulsion if it really happened? The article also presents facts that Christina’s academic standing was far above average. She was involved in school plays, the student counsel, the swim team and was a football cheerleader. Not only that, but the article reports that Christina and her brother Christopher actually lived with the directors of the school, Commander and Mrs. Chadwick in their home until her mother pulled the plug on that. We don’t see Joan Crawford disputing this information in the 1960 article so I’ll assume it’s true. How much common sense does it take to conclude that there’s no way she got expelled nor did anybody have a problem with her going to Chadwick except her mother? It confirms to me that her mother has told a bold face lie. And that shows me what kind of a person Joan Crawford must have been to make these false accusations of her daughter to the press.

There is also information of quotes from nuns at the Flintridge Convent who have gone on the record stating that they did not see that Christina did anything wrong nor had any information for why she got stuck there except that her mother alleged that she had “problems” in her old school. One nun is quoted as saying she thought Christina was a “principled and intelligent young lady” and she thought very highly of her.

Joan Crawford is also quoted as saying that the charges that she had “issues” with the Chadwicks are not true and she had very warm regards toward them. Christina disobeyed their rules and had problems with them. Yet it’s kind of odd that Crawford is reported for taking not only Christina out of their school but Christopher and the two other daughters she had as well. Why all 4 kids? Obviously she had issues with them.

In the article, Mrs. Chadwick is quoted for writing in a telegram, in response to the request for her comments, that “because of her experience with Christina’s mother”, she thinks it would be unwise to get her school or herself involved by giving any information about Christina’s separation from her school. Of course, it’s not impossible that she did in fact believe that Christina is the “bad guy” when that’s all she wrote in the telegram. But we also learn, in the article, that while Christina was stuck in the convent, she snuck out one weekend to secretly visit the Chadwick’s although her mother forbade her from every seeing them again. Why would Joan Crawford have a problem with her daughter developing a relationship with adults who run a boarding school, who were probably strict Christian military people and never reported to let her do anything “illegal” or inappropriate? And why, if they booted her from their school, would they later invite her to visit them against mommy’s wishes?. We see a later paragraph of Joan Crawford reporting that her teenage daughter got in the way and wouldn’t let her mother have privacy with her new husband Alfred Steele, the Pepsi king, whom she married while Christina was in the convent when they took her on a trip with them. Hmmmmm. If she needs time alone with her husband, then it would seem to me that a simple solution would be to maybe not bring Christina along with them? If mommy can have her daughter shut off from letters or phone calls and stuck in a convent, she probably won’t “miss” Christina if she’s elsewhere and out of mommy’s hair by perhaps staying for the weekend at a chaperoned visit with responsible adults like, say, the Chadwicks??

Of course, we will never know what really happened or did not, regarding Christina’s account of her mother terrorizing her two small children in the middle of the might, because Christina hung up one of her expensive dresses with a wire hanger. We don’t know whether or not Crawford insulted her 6 year old daughter for “losing” the swimming race because her adult mom was twice her size and could swim faster. We don’t know if she made her daughter eat nasty raw meat. And it may very well be accurate that young Christina mistakenly assumed that the reason mommy had her little brother Christopher strapped to a bed was to torture him. It could have been, as I read in another article, that Crawford did that because Christopher was a danger to himself when he would sleep walk and so she had no choice except to do that for his safety.

And the “allegation” that Christina held the threat over her dying mothers’ head, to “go public” as soon as she is dead, with false accusations her mommy could not defend herself by writing the book, Mommie Dearest, could for all I know, be accurate. It’s not impossible that Christina told mommy in order for her not to smear her after she dies, mommy would have to fork over her $2 million estate solely to her daughter. But, as we know, Crawford did not end up “complying” with any such ultimatum. It’s a known fact that both Christina and Christopher were completely cut out of their mommy’s will. So that makes me assume that Christina either did not want the inheritance and/or was willing to risk losing it in order to tell the truth. Or maybe she did not even know that she had been disinherited until the will was read to her after mommy’s death, when it w

I have recently been searching throughout the media and the internet for all information and opinions related to actress Joan Crawford’s daughter Christina reporting child abuse from her deceased mother. I see there are many conflicting opinions as well as unanswered questions of what really happened or who may or may not be reporting accurate information regarding Joan Crawford’s parenting of her daughter.

One point that I must consider in the defense of Crawford is that her daughter waited until her mother’s death before publishing the book which lead to the movie, Mommie Dearest, where Crawford is cast as an abusive mother and a despicable person. Obviously if written during her life, she’d have the legal right to sue or prevent the book and movie from portraying her this way, especially if her daughter reported information that did not even happen. But, after Joan Crawford is dead, there may be nothing to legally prevent her daughter from writing whatever she wants and therefore, it could bring Christina’s credibility into question. And given that it happened so many years ago, before most of us were born and could only be witnessed or corroborated by people who are now dead, there are many things we will never know.

However, I recently read an article written in Redbook magazine in 1960, when Christina was only 21 and her mother was alive and well and obviously aware of all that was written in the article. It would only seem in 1960, not many people thought ill of Joan Crawford. This was many years before her death when nobody would have dreamed of her daughter later publishing a book and airing a movie with the horrific charges Christina made of her in the portrayal of Mommie Dearest. And it would also seem the writer of the article in 1960 would have to be “extremely careful” not to misquote Joan Crawford or print anything she could dispute or get them in trouble for writing. The Revolt of Joan Crawford’s Daughter is that article that can be searched online.

There was one specific fact written in the 1960 article that all but confirms to me who I should believe. Joan Crawford was quoted saying that Christina got expelled from Chadwick Academy as a teenager and her mother had no choice except to send her to Flintridge convent where Christina was not allow any phone calls or mail in or out, nor visitors nor allowed to leave or have any privileges or any life until she was a legal adult and could sign herself out of the place. Crawford is quoted as saying the reason Christina got sent to the convent is because it was the only school that would accept her after the expulsion from Chadwick and all the trouble she got into. Yet Christina affirms she was never expelled from Chadwick. Now obviously this “discrepancy” of their two stories in 1960 is not a simple “difference of opinion” between them. Christina either got expelled from Chadwick or she did not. So it means one of them has to be telling a bold faced lie.

In the article, it states that there is no record of Christina’s expulsion from the school she reports her mother forced her out of to put her in a prison-like convent. Why wouldn’t there be evidence of expulsion if it really happened? The article also presents facts that Christina’s academic standing was far above average. She was involved in school plays, the student counsel, the swim team and was a football cheerleader. Not only that, but the article reports that Christina and her brother Christopher actually lived with the directors of the school, Commander and Mrs. Chadwick in their home until her mother pulled the plug on that. We don’t see Joan Crawford disputing this information in the 1960 article so I’ll assume it’s true. How much common sense does it take to conclude that there’s no way she got expelled nor did anybody have a problem with her going to Chadwick except her mother? It confirms to me that her mother has told a bold face lie. And that shows me what kind of a person Joan Crawford must have been to make these false accusations of her daughter to the press.

There is also information of quotes from nuns at the Flintridge Convent who have gone on the record stating that they did not see that Christina did anything wrong nor had any information for why she got stuck there except that her mother alleged that she had “problems” in her old school. One nun is quoted as saying she thought Christina was a “principled and intelligent young lady” and she thought very highly of her.

Joan Crawford is also quoted as saying that the charges that she had “issues” with the Chadwicks are not true and she had very warm regards toward them. Christina disobeyed their rules and had problems with them. Yet it’s kind of odd that Crawford is reported for taking not only Christina out of their school but Christopher and the two other daughters she had as well. Why all 4 kids? Obviously she had issues with them.

In the article, Mrs. Chadwick is quoted for writing in a telegram, in response to the request for her comments, that “because of her experience with Christina’s mother”, she thinks it would be unwise to get her school or herself involved by giving any information about Christina’s separation from her school. Of course, it’s not impossible that she did in fact believe that Christina is the “bad guy” when that’s all she wrote in the telegram. But we also learn, in the article, that while Christina was stuck in the convent, she snuck out one weekend to secretly visit the Chadwick’s although her mother forbade her from every seeing them again. Why would Joan Crawford have a problem with her daughter developing a relationship with adults who run a boarding school, who were probably strict Christian military people and never reported to let her do anything “illegal” or inappropriate? And why, if they booted her from their school, would they later invite her to visit them against mommy’s wishes?. We see a later paragraph of Joan Crawford reporting that her teenage daughter got in the way and wouldn’t let her mother have privacy with her new husband Alfred Steele, the Pepsi king, whom she married while Christina was in the convent when they took her on a trip with them. Hmmmmm. If she needs time alone with her husband, then it would seem to me that a simple solution would be to maybe not bring Christina along with them? If mommy can have her daughter shut off from letters or phone calls and stuck in a convent, she probably won’t “miss” Christina if she’s elsewhere and out of mommy’s hair by perhaps staying for the weekend at a chaperoned visit with responsible adults like, say, the Chadwicks??

Of course, we will never know what really happened or did not, regarding Christina’s account of her mother terrorizing her two small children in the middle of the might, because Christina hung up one of her expensive dresses with a wire hanger. We don’t know whether or not Crawford insulted her 6 year old daughter for “losing” the swimming race because her adult mom was twice her size and could swim faster. We don’t know if she made her daughter eat nasty raw meat. And it may very well be accurate that young Christina mistakenly assumed that the reason mommy had her little brother Christopher strapped to a bed was to torture him. It could have been, as I read in another article, that Crawford did that because Christopher was a danger to himself when he would sleep walk and so she had no choice except to do that for his safety.

And the “allegation” that Christina held the threat over her dying mothers’ head, to “go public” as soon as she is dead, with false accusations her mommy could not defend herself by writing the book, Mommie Dearest, could for all I know, be accurate. It’s not impossible that Christina told mommy in order for her not to smear her after she dies, mommy would have to fork over her $2 million estate solely to her daughter. But, as we know, Crawford did not end up “complying” with any such ultimatum. It’s a known fact that both Christina and Christopher were completely cut out of their mommy’s will. So that makes me assume that Christina either did not want the inheritance and/or was willing to risk losing it in order to tell the truth. Or maybe she did not even know that she had been disinherited until the will was read to her after mommy’s death, when it was too late.

According to this Joan Crawford compendium website, Christina contested the will and subsequently received $27,500. I’ve heard Christopher contested & received the same amount.

http://www.legendaryjoancrawford.com/crawfordchildren.html

This site also mentions the contesting of the will:

http://imnotpatty.blogspot.com/2010/04/mommie-dearest-by-christina-crawford_23.html

VCNJ~

IANAL, but contesting a will is not a simple, straightforward matter, nor is it easy to contest a will successfully.

I am the oldest of four sons. My family remains close and I expect to receive an inheritance from my mother some day. But if it turns out that she chose to leave most of her money to my youngest brother and the rest to a charity, I don’t necessarily have any grounds for contesting her will.

My Mom has no obligation to leave me ANYTHING, after all. If she likes one of my siblings better, or figures one of my siblings needs her help more, she has every right to leave her estate to him. Or, if she thinks her favorite charity can put her money to better use than I can, she has a right to stiff me!

I would only be able to contest the will if I had evidence that my Mom was senile, insane, or acting under duress.

Joan Crawford MAY have been a horrible person… but there’s no evidence she was drunk or insane when she wrote her will. She MAY have cut off Christina out of spite, but spite is not evidence of mental incompetence.

IIRC, it’s spouses who can only be cut so much and no more.

That’s my recollection too. If you die without a will, then your kids (and spouse) get a certain percentage of the money automatically and this presumably applies to both adopted and biological children.

If you do have a will, there are laws on the books which prevent you from disinheriting your spouse, i.e. she is normally entitled to at least one third of the estate. But I don’t think there are any laws which prevent you from disinheriting a child.

I believe that in some jurisdictions, there is a narrow exception to this principle, which is that if you leave X dollars to child 1 and X dollars to child 2 and your will is silent about child 3, then the courts will presume you meant to give X dollars to child 3 but just forgot to update your will.

The upshot of this is that if a parent calls his lawyer and says he wants to disinherit a child completely, and all the proper formalities are observed, it will be difficult for that child to contest the will. What’s also common is to insert an “in terrorum” clause. i.e. you leave the child $50,000 or so with the proviso that if they challenge the will they get nothing.

…which we can assume that Crawford did to ensure her will was legal. I don’t think that there are any states which require you to leave part of your estate to adult children (Christina was in her late 30s when Joan Crawford died). Here’s a link to the will. The clause about Christina and her brother Christopher is next to last.

More often, the problem is when heirs are omitted from the will, and children challenge the will arguing that the omission was unintentional. That’s the whole reason for Crawford including a clause that says she leaves nothing to Christina and Christopher. Many celebrity wills, most notably Jerry Garcia, account for the possibility of people not named in the will coming forward:

Garcia’s will also includes a no contest clause, which says that he revokes the provisions made in the will if any of his heirs challenges it.

Couldn’t you just leave the kids you didn’t like $.01 in your will? Then they can’t say they were unintentionally left out. That seems the safest way to go about it…

This is a zombie, please notice. Some people have been responding to messages that were sent eight years ago.

Aargh… have done that twice today. This is why I hate the policy to let these threads be re-opened by random googlers.