A bit of a tangent, but I don’t see why Data wouldn’t be willing to switch sides. He’s not actually a male, he’s just male-shaped. The episode where Tasha nails him would have been more interesting if, afterward, Data had propositioned some random ship’s male to see what that’s like.
I would assume not every random Starfleet person we see walking around the Enterprise is straight. And what happens on Holodeck 3 stays on Holodeck 3.
Why wouldn’t there be surrogacy? As noted in the thread, lesbian couples could always find a sperm donor. Surely there would be a strong professional need for surrogate mothers, for exactly the same reason.
The medical advances of the era would make this much easier than it is in our world…and the legal/social advances that make the ST world so utopic would long since have eliminated any societal hurdles.
If we assume there are gay couples that have never been mentioned, then why would we assume there weren’t artificial wombs just because those have never been mentioned? Besides, if you need an orphan, just find a kid you like and send his parents some red shirts.
Considering how many times the Federation fleet was wiped out by the Borg et al., I’d say there’s a pretty steady supply of orphaned children out there.