“Looming” in Estonian means “creation.”
Well, us people with Germanic roots tend to mess things up. Slight variation in spelling, though
Swedish <->English
Eventuell <-> probable, possible
Gymnasium <-> high school
Högskola (same root as high school) <-> college
Folk<-> people, tribe, nation (I only see folk with that connotation in English compounded with other words, i.e. folk lore, folk music but not stand alone. cf. German Volk)
A Spanish English I haven’t seen so far: Real = royal.
My college had a foreign language requirement, so I took 3 semesters of French. One of my professors had an amusing anecdote about someone they knew who studied French, who took a trip to France to practice their mastery of the language.
They were at the market buying groceries. This person was into organic food, so wanted to know if the milk had preservatives in it, but didn’t know the French for ‘preservatives’. So they took a chance and ‘frenched up’ the pronunciation of the word ‘preservatives’, asking “le lait a-t-il des preservatives?” The proprieter burst out laughing.
It turns out they were asking if the milk had condoms in it. I know ‘preservative’ and ‘préservatif’ (the actual spelling in French) are not exact spelling matches, but I thought it’s a funny commentary on not assuming that similar words have similar meanings in different languages.
Sorry about being excessively cute. It was late and I was about to go to sleep.
Then there are aural false friends, like “caos,” meaning chaos in Spanish, but pronounced very much like the English word “cows.”
I find this hilarious — it reminds me of many a Far Side cartoon.
Except that English bread, German Brot, and Dutch brood all derive from the same Germanic root. They’re all cognates.
But English “brood” (be sad about; progeny) is not a cognate — that’s the point.
But the English word brood is not from the same root. It looks the same, but isn’t related. That is the false cognate.
ninja’d
Actually, I just found out that if you go all the way back to Proto-Indo-European, it turns out they’re all related! The original word was about heating and cooking, hence “bread” but also “brood” (progeny=the children you “cook up”;to be sad=to “simmer” about).
Who knew?
But that’s too far back to be considered “cognates,” in my opinion.
Correcting myself: The semantic link from PIE “to cook or burn” to English “brood” is through hens sitting on eggs (“progeny”), keeping them warm (and “muttering to themselves mournfully”):
pretend in Portuguese means “intend” in English. Can be a rich source of comedic irony when the speaker is not an especially reliable person.
You might think the German city name Regensburg might have something to do with rain, or you might think it had inherited some Latin root for “ruler” or “king”. But it’s named after a nearby river whose name origin is obscure.
That’s hilarious! Inadvertent meta-postmodernism. So it works in French as well as in Spanish.
In addition to Far Side, I think of the comedic-relief line in the 1990s film “Twister”: “COW!!” (shouted as an airborne cow nearly hits a car during a tornado storm).
Jeeze, you’re right. Complete brainfart. Color me embarrassed.
Somewhat related, but all across Easter Pennsylvania, in Pennsylvania Dutch (meaning German) land, you’ll see signs for “Gift Haus”. Since “gift” is a word in German and English, but “Haus” is only a German word, the only possible way to understand that is “poison house”.
Well, yes and no — see the PIE root in my later post. 
Not exact , but in Finnish "maailman " means “world’s”, or so I’m told.
Not a long one, but a really aggravating one: in Malay, “air” means……water!
Okay, I’ll stop posting, and let someone else try to answer the OP.
If you go back that long, then, funnily, the words “science” and “shit” are cognates. They both go back to an Indo-European root meaning “to separate”. In the case of “shit”, it describes the process of excretion; in the case of “science”, that word comes, of course, from Latin scientia, based on a verb scire (“to know”), which in turn comes from that Indo-European root, the logic being that to “know” or “understand” something you must be able to distinguish it from something else. German “schneiden” (“to cut”) is another cognate.
This is my favorite example of this!! I tell my students about it. Even since I learned this (reading the American Heritage dictionary), I can’t take a crap without picturing how a piece of me is being “cut off,” like with scissors (“scissors,” of course, is another related word).