You don’t know that. As pointed out by a previous poster, people almost always cite the same figures, whose reliability is very dubious, and it’s quite obvious to me that they pick this one because it supports their narrative by virtue of advancing an extremely low number, even though nobody can figure out how they even determined that an accusation was true or false.
What percentage of accusations are false is plainly unknown, and until we invent an actual lie detector, unknowable. Years ago, I saw a documentary about a sex crime police unit, and an officer guesstimated that 1/3 of rape accusations were false. I’m pretty sure you’ll think that the reason was that she didn’t believe women who were actually raped, but once again that’s just a preconceived notion on your part, and you don’t know that. And this police officer is probably as able to determine which accusation are true or false as the authors of a study that determine it’s rather 2%. The only thing you can possibly know, in the best case scenario, is how many accusations are proven false, which is likely to be only a fraction of the false ones since…how would you prove it, in most cases?
Believing that very few accusation of rape are false is an act of faith, especially knowing human nature. Plenty of people will lie for pretty much any reason : to obtain an advantage, for money, for revenge, to attract interest, to make people take care of them, to cover up something, because they’re psychologically imbalanced…In the same documentary I mentioned earlier, the two examples of false accusation that were shown were motivated one by some minor domestic dispute, the other by a minimal amount of money, say € 50, not reimbursed.
Assuming that pretty much everybody will shy away from a false accusation of sexual harassment/assault seems not just unproven but an absurd assumption to me. Let’s see : in 2016, there were apparently about 90 000 reported rapes in the USA. 2% of false report would be 1 800 women (for the sake of it, I’m assuming all reports are from women), or about or 0.001% of the female population. You think that it’s not credible that more than 0.001% of women would bring false accusations? That in a 200 000 pop. city, you couldn’t find even one single woman willing to bring a false accusation for whatever purpose? I’m rather surprised that real accusations aren’t drowned in an ocean of false ones.
I indeed don’t believe that false accusations are as rare as you think. I don’t even believe that most people quoting these figures believe them themselves unless they’ve been raised in a cave on Mars long away from any actual human being, or are as indoctrinated as a Stalinist in 1955. There’s a purpose for believing victims : when you have to deal with them personally. Otherwise, when discussing about what actually happens, how to deal with it, what principles should be followed, you have to take into account the fact that an accusation isn’t necessarily true. To deal with the fact that regardless of which side you pick, you’ve have a good chance to be wrong, and the consequences of being wrong are in neither case trivial. As bad as not believing a victim might be, assuming guilt in a case like rape has devastating consequences on the accused in our societies, even if no actual criminal sentence result from it. Pretending that false accusations are so extraordinarily rare that you can just ignore this possibility is just a way to avoid addressing this issue, and to summarily dismiss arguments that could make your position less easy to defend.