Minimal pairs for voiced/unvoiced fricatives

A minimal pair is two words where the pronunciation is identical except that one phoneme is different in one aspect. For this question, that aspect is that one has a voiced fricative and the other unvoiced. Fricatives are phonemes where the air flow through the mouth is not stopped, but rather just modified by the placement of the tongue and shape of the mouth. The voiced fricatives in English are /v ð z ʒ/ and the voiceless are /f θ s ʃ h/.

/h/ doesn’t have a corresponding voiced phoneme, so we can ignore that. /s/ and /z/ I expect to have quite a few. Off the top of my head, I can think of muscle/muzzle and sap/zap and I’m sure there are many more. /ð/ and /θ/ (both represented in writing by TH) only have two minimal pairs: thy/thigh and either/ether.

So what about the other two sets? Are there any minimal pairs for /f/ and /v/ and for /ʒ/ and /ʃ/? (Note: /ʃ/ is the SH sound; /ʒ/ is the ZH sound, although we don’t write it that way except in Russian names. It can be found in the middle of a number of words like decision, pleasure and seizure as well as the last sound in garage. It’s also part of what we think of as the J-sound /dʒ/.)

Assure and azure come close but the accent is on a different syllable

Fife and five
Over and offer

fife and five, knifes and knives, wife and wive, focal and vocal, fine and vine…

Thinking about the other set

ETA ninja’ed by RealityChuck on the first one. There must be a bunch if you start with f/v. fan and van, fain and vain, fat and vat…

Off and of
Often* and oven

Garish and garage are close

*The “t” is silent in most pronunciations

For me, the vowel “i” is also different in “five” and “fife.” “Fife” starts with a kind of “uh” sound to me and “five” starts with more of an “ah” sound before eliding into the second half of the diphthong.

That very well may be my accent, as wiktionary transcribes them the same in IPA. It’s the same sort of difference as in “writer” and “rider” in the way my long I is pronounced, so it must be some raising thing.

Ok in that one, the initial vowel is definitely different. “Aw” vs “uh.” /ɔ/ vs /ʌ/.

That seems to be true for the standard pronunciation of azure, but I’ve definitely encountered people who put the accent on the second syllable. I think it may be a valid alternative. If it is, that would work as a minimal pair.

That said, I have another one: “liege” and “leash.”

life and live (as in “live concert”)
leave and leaf
fast and vast

If you count contractions as a single word (which, really, you probably shouldn’t), you have another minimal pair for “th” in thistle and this’ll.

OK, thanks. I think we have enough f/v pairs. So far we only have liege/leash for the other, so any more for that one? (I don’t think I’ve heard ‘azure’ spoken out loud often enough say on that one, so I’m going by M-W and it has the accent on different syllables.)

That’s a good pair, but I do find “liege” with a “j” or “dzh ” pronunciation to be the more common one. Don’t know if that matters or not.

How about “Jacques” and “shock”?

Got another: “luge” and “louche”, though the latter is somewhat obscure (I know it from drink aniseed liquors).

M-W does show it with a J (dzh), so apparently you’re right. My personal pronunciation is just ZH, so it sounds like a good one to me.

Both are common to me, so just depending on what your personal rules are.

Both of those sound like good ones. Although admittedly I never heard the word ‘louche’ before, so I’m going by M-W for that.

Well, I’m satisfied there are some ZH/SH pairs, so I don’t need more. I was pretty sure there were f/v ones before posting the OP (just having a brainfart), but I wasn’t sure about the other. Thanks everyone.

Aleutian / allusion

There are several more:

teeth / teethe
wreath / wreathe
sooth / soothe
sheath /sheathe
mouth (noun) / mouth (verb)
loath / loathe

Also for some speakers, but not me, possibly swath (/swɔθ/) and swathe (/swɔð/)

Funny how none of those additional ones are ever cited when this topic comes up. Not saying you’re wrong, it’s just that no one ever mentions them. Only the two I mentioned in the OP plus sometimes that “this’ll” thing that I was studiously ignoring (but should have figured someone would bring up anyway).

At any rate, thanks for the Aleutian/allusion pair.

A few more sh/zh pairs I found using the Moby Pronunciator file:

ruche / rouge
glacier / glazier
dilution / delusion
discission / decision
malacia / Malaysia