China labor productivity grew 4.5% last year. Wages grew by over 20%. The working age population (which I define as ages 15-64) in China is believed to have peaked in 2009-2010. Peak for South Korea expected in 2015-2020, ASEAN countries peak in 2020-2025 (peak for Japan: 1990). (Source: China National Bureau of Statistics, Japan Cabinet Office and UN World Population Prospects).
You seem to think that US countries will continue to send jobs to China forever. But sending jobs to China has helped fuel that countries’ growth, and that is helping push wages higher. A peak-out in the working population will only push wages up higher still: China has already seen some labor shortages, particularly in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze Delta in Wenzhou. Hangzhou is seeing shortages of metal surface treatment plants even though wages have risen to over RMB4,000 – in other words, about twice the salary of a new grad hire. (source: my personal research there, on the ground, so feel free to ignore it - but China’s labor shortage has been widely reported).
Go read up on Lewisian turning points if you want to know why all this is important. There are various schools of thought on this - some economists believe that China’s working age population data is unreliable and that current data might not be accurately counting migrant workers that simply stayed home during the global recession the past few years. Either way, China is already facing a shortage of skilled labor (since the majority of migrant workers have barely finished junior high school). Japan’s companies have been offshoring to China and India etc. for decades. The US and others have followed suit. This is filtering down from the BRICs to countries not quite as far along in industrial development such as Vietnam and Thailand. Soon that will shift further to other countries wehre labor is (relatively) cheaper - perhaps Latin America and Africa (I’ve already visited Japanese auto companies’ plants in Brazil, for example).
100 years ago, most US workers were farmers. Over time, farming productivity improved - output more than quadrupled, while total inputs have been unchanged. Total spending by US consumers on foods has steadily declined at the same time: from 22% of disposable income spent on food in the 1950s to under 8% in 2000. Now, less than 10% of workers in the US are in agriculture, and a majority of workers are in manufacturing. We’re seeing a very similiar shift from manufacturing to the service sector: steady increases in productivity, steady decline in real prices, and labor freed up to shift to other sectors over time.
I’m not sure if your tiny little brain can comprehend this, but managers don’t think only of cost savings when doing business. Managers such as myself look both at cost, and on how we can free up scarce in-house high-end talent (analysts and software engineers, for example) from doing routine tasks, so they can do more innovative things. We signed a contract recently to have an entire sales-based network and research library housed offsite, which has freed up my in-house desk to create two new products for three of our front office desks & traders. From the cost savings plus the extra revenue generated from the new products, we now have extra budget to add at least one more person to the inhouse IT team by 2Q. See how that works? Before, my IT team had 3 people stuck doing lots of routine stuff. After offshoring, I have more productivity from the same 3 people, and now I have the resources to add 1 more headcount. All thanks to ‘evil offshoring’.
You want more cites? I got boat loads of 'em:
“An increase in the ease of offshoring does not have an effect on the employment of natives in an industry, whereas an increase in the “ease of immigration” has a small, positive impact on it. This is consistent with the existence of a positive productivity effect that generates an expansion of the manufacturing industries that are most exposed to immigration and offshoring.” (source: VOX)
Wages for workers who remain in manufacturing are generally positively affected by offshoring (National Bureau of Economic Research)
IT offshoring has made IT hardware 30% cheaper, adding a net gain of $300 billion to US GDP in the last 15 years (Institute of International Economics).
For every dollar that a US firm spends in India on IT related work, the US economy benefits by about $1.15: Including about $0.60 from savings for US consumers, $0.05 from other goods bought by companies in India, $0.04 from American service providers with operations in India as well…and, up to $0.50 over a longer time span as US workers are retrained and redeployed (this is based on redeployment rates over the past 20 years). Hence, in sharp contrast to the myth that ‘offshoring’ is going to be the demise of the US economy; the US economy is emerging as the biggest gainer.. Simply put, a country should focus on what it does best. The US is best at innovating and starting new businesses – and outsourcing boosts this efficiency. The US therefore must stay focused on education & training to keep its workers competitive. (McKinsey)
While US manufacturing employment has dropped by one-third over the past decade, it is primarily due to automation, not offshoring. Manufacturers have become more productive and can now produce the same amount of goods with fewer workers. Technology has eliminated many unskilled manufacturing jobs, while creating some new highly skilled positions. We could restore manufacturing employment to pre-2000 levels by prohibiting the use of modern technology - but this would severely hurt the economy. And it makes no more economic sense than prohibiting backhoes from moving dirt on construction sites.
These same factors have eliminated manufacturing jobs in countries around the world, including China. Despite the short-term pain of job losses, automation of rote work benefits workers and consumers. Automation of rote tasks on the assembly line reduces the drudgery of work and improves worker safety. Increased productivity has also made manufactured goods more affordable for American families. (Heritage Foundation)
You’re screaming and foaming at a mouth when you are woefully ignorant of basic economics. In your bizarro world, faced with lots of unemployed workers and higher supply costs because of the tarrifs you’d implement, US companies would raise wages :rolleyes:
Oh, and I can’t quite figure out if you think US companies are smart, because they’re ‘rethinking their initial offshoring decisions because of unrealized cost savings, poor service quality and customer frustration’, or if you think they are really short-sighted and only make crap, out-dated products that nobody wants. Please let us know when you’ve decided, m’kay?
I won’t hold my breath for your inevitable poo-gargling response where you ignore all the above points by putting your hands over your ears and shout ‘blah blah blah I can’t hear you offshoring is eeeevvvvviiillllllll’.
:rolleyes: