Of the observant variety, of course. Not just nominal muslims.
Have there been any? How could you handle the requirements of prayer during a mission? Aiming at Mecca is easy. A gyroscope will tell you the way and you can float, so it doesn’t matter that the floor is not on the right plane. Are LEO runs fast enough that keeping aim would be an issue? (I presume that on a Moon or Mars mission, just aiming at Earth is close enough)
What I think is the important issue is the timing. Can you build a mission schedule around all the breaks that would be needed for prayer? Can you be excused from prayer for something as pressing as a mission critical EVA? Is there wiggle room in time for prayer?
Diet is, I presume, a non-issue.
(and I have a nagging feeling that we have done this one before, btw. If so, links would be appreciated)
Maybe not the only one but finding it weird is far from consensus according to sci-fi at least. The idea of spacefaring muslims is rather common.
And if you think about it, it won’t be long until the ESA and all its progress is inherited by the growing muslim community in Europe. It is bound to happen.
Ok, after reading all the jokes about pointing towards Mecca, which is a problem of trivial solution, I guess the answer is that for current astronauts, they fall under the category of travellers and are dispensed from the fasting and prayer duties until their return, right?
Apparently have been three including a Saudi prince and most recently a Malaysian. Both those links say they did pray (and fast for Ramadan), but doesn’t say how exactly.
Very interesting. So if I understood correctly, they can satisfy their requirements for prayer in a single shortened session with no need to later make up for the “lost” prayer. Is that correct?
Its an elementary rule that if you are travelling, or on military operations, or at any job where your presence is critical, you are exempted from fasting or prayer.
Submariners in the Pakistan Navy for instance don’t usually know where they are (except for the captain and a couple of officers), not to matter, they are exempt.
You’d better tell the shade of Heinlein then, over “Stinky” Mahmoud in Stranger in a Strange Land for a start. Swing by Niven and Pournelle on your way back and you can discuss Horace Bury in The Mote In God’s Eye into the bargain. Them’s some fairly heavyweight idiots.
Supposedly, algebra was invented specifically to solve the problem of calculating the direction to face to pray to Mecca. In a way it would just be coming full circle.