Obligatory Schoolhouse Rock reference.
10…dime
55…double nickel
Well, besides the fact that the OP wanted numbers > 10, “dime”, “decimal”, and “ten” are all etymologically related.
13…bakers dozen, long dozen
50…half-century
60…shock
100…century I know, it doesn’t count.
Surely, this counts as being composed from terms for other numbers to be multiplied? (Come to think of it, a similar, but less direct, thing happens with “double nickel” as well [though “nickel” itself for 5 would be interesting if it weren’t below the limit]. And, of course, “baker’s dozen” contains within it the problematic “dozen”)
“shock” for 60 sounds interesting. I’ve never heard it before; could you show an example?
I never heard of it before either, but I pulled it from a table inWikipedia.
However I can’t find any confirmation of its use.
Wikipedia has never let me down before.:dubious:
Find a language which uses a base system greater than 10. Or, now that I think about it, find some computer geeks who primarily count in hexadecimal. That would give you A-F for ten-fifteen.
I’ve got a real life actual bonafide example.
The Russian word for forty, сорок [/so’rək] has a very unclear etymology but absolutely no relation to the word for four, четыре [/čety’rye].
In all other cases (90, девяносто, is something of an exception), Russia does follow the pattern (a pattern which is prevalent in Slavic languages) for getting the multiples of 10 under 100:
два - двадцать; (dva - dva’tsət’)
три - тридцать; (tri - tri’tsət’)
.
.
.
восемь - восемьдесят; (vo’sim’ - vo’sim’dye’syət’)
Etymonline confirms ‘shock’, but not as part of a counting system as such:
Wikipedia does mention that Chepang uses base 12, but without elaborating. Also remember the Babylonian base-60 influence on our own measurements of time.
Off topic, but the examples from the Lakes are thought to be of Cumbric, not Welsh, origin, probably a distinct Brythonic language, aftter the battle of Chester split the population into three: Wales, the North (including Strathclyde) and Cornwall. There’s more examples from the Lakes (every area has a distinct but related counting system), here.
Skimmed through, and don’t think I’ve seen “googol,” 10^100, yet.
Less than 100, not less than 10^100 
D’oh! That’s what I get for skimming. Just ignore that one…
Rawr, just spent some time writing a little treatise about an unusual number in Japanese, but when looking for cites found a source that confirmed my uninformed suspicion that it is, in a roundabout way, a combination of numbers. Just an unusual combination.
Wasn’t an Indo-European language anyway. :smack:
“snes” is another version of twenty etymologically not a compound of other numbers. The wacky Danes base their names for 50-100 on it, us Norwegians only occasionally use it for twenty.
Wow, this thread has borne more fruit than I expected.
OK, I really wasn’t looking for “google,” but at this point I’ll open it up to numbers >99.
Yeesh.
Google is a search engine. The number is “googol”.
Yeah, that spelling distinction is doomed now.
Surely this violates the spirit if not the letter of the OP?
If not, it just begs the further question: Are there non-compound names for numbers >B (besides integer powers of B), where B is the base of the number system?
There are languages that use something like “twenty less one” for 19, but I’ll have to research to comeup with specifics.
No one mentioned soixante-dix, quatre-vingts and quatre-vingts-dix for 70, 80 and 90 in Parisian French (Swiss French has septante, huitante, and nonante).
My understanding is that Welsh and Hawaiian, like the Parisian French examples above, both have some counting by twenties.
…
Švejk gave Russian сорок, which I had thought had a similar meaning as that GorillaMan gave for “shock”.
EDIT: I don’t think I followed the OP quite right. Cорок and bumpit the best examples in the thread so far.