Opportunities (and Logistics) for Americans South of the Border

I’m toying with the idea of moving to Mexico (or possibly Costa Rica or Panama) in the next few years. In short, I’m sick of the high cost of living, and the ridiculous weather, where I am.

I’m curious as to what kinds of jobs I could expect to get as an American ex-pat in these countries. Keep in mind that, though I do have a Bachelor’s degree, I don’t have any kind of technical or IT skills, so the thing that first comes to mind is English teacher. My career here has been in social work, but I would assume that Mexican social service agencies prefer to hire Mexicans for such jobs (ditto for the Panamanian and Costa Rican equivalents).

Does anybody have any first-hand experience living as an ex-pat in Central America? What I’m most curious about:

  1. Compared with the salary you could expect to earn, what is the cost of living like in these places? For example, I’ve heard that the going rate for American English teachers in Mexico was something like the equivalent of $7.50 per hour. While that would be a pittance here, would that be a good salary in, say, Playa del Carmen?

  2. Are these countries, in general, pretty welcoming of foreign workers? Would there be reams of paperwork involved?

  3. Is there a demand for American workers (English teachers or otherwise) outside of technical fields in these countries? Or is this all a weird pipe dream?

First-hand accounts are most appreciated.

TIA

It all depends. What’s your lifestyle in the USA? I’m very comfortably middle class, and I still feel like a poor schmoe when I go to Mexico. The restaurants are the same price, and the rents are the same, and gasoline is the same, and to live exactly like I do here there, it costs the same. Of course I’ve met famous soccer players (according to my wife) and Senate Majority Leaders in Mexican restaurants, so they’re definitely middle- to upper-middle class joints for the Mexicans.

Groceries are dirt cheap, as are really good cigars (Veracruz are just a good as anything famous). You can find excellent restaurants dirt cheap, but they’ll be… different (I like them myself, but when comparing norms, they’re decidedly “lesser”). You can find cheap housing, but you’ll be in non-nice areas.

I don’t want to discourage you; I will live there full time one day. But I will maintain my lifestyle. I have lived there for over two years on two different occasions, but I wouldn’t do it without my US-style income.

Well, I’m definitely lower middle class by American standards

I found an apartment on a Mexican realty website for 5500 pesos (c. $500) per month, which looks about like what I’d be comfortable in. A $500 apartment 'round here is going to be pure trash and in a bad neighborhood.

I wonder, though, if you really are? Even the American “poor” can consider themselves lower middle – they have all the necessities of life, and lots of things that real poor people don’t have anywhere in the world.

An apartment in Mexico for $500 could be pretty good, or pretty bad. Here in the USA, you’ve got a damned good sense for “good” vs. “bad”; there are lots of subtle and not so subtle clues as to what’s good or bad, and you can decide your own comfort level on that, in the vast majority of cases. That’s not necessarily so in Mexico. There are, of course, the obvious enclaves with the casetas that don’t let the bad guys through (unless they’re armed and blast their way through, like in Hermosillo in Nov. 2005), but there are lots and lots of great neighborhoods that – as an American – don’t inspire me, but I’m assured by people that know are really great. Likewise, there are those that look appealing, but aren’t necessarily so. The cultural norms really, really are that different! I wouldn’t make a final decision without someone you really trust. On the other hand, I’ve never been to Quintana Roo, so can’t specifically say anything concrete.

I’d say that for $7.50 an hour, though, you’ll live a lot better than the people that only make $20 per day. The Mexican middle class is estimated to be 20%-30% of the population, and when you start to mix with the middle class, you realize very quickly that Mexico’s not a backward, third world country for them. On the other hand, I guestimate that I could take a 50% pay cut and live reasonably well in the Bajía region (central to the country), but that’s still well above $7.50 per hour. On the other hand, I’ve got an acquaintance that’s an illegal immigrant in Mexico (i.e., he’s a gringo) that gets by satisfactorily. He does “odd jobs” in the industrial sector, and before alcohol ruined him he was a pretty good manufacturing engineer. I doubt that he even averages as much as $7.50 an hour, but he get by, even with the occasional night in jail (like I said, booze).

I think English teaching is always everyone’s first idea, but it’s kind of a cut-throat, saturated market – again, in the industrialized areas that I’m intimately familiar with. Non-industrial areas may not have such a need. So… what’s your bachelors degree in? Maybe there are suitable, better-paying alternatives? And why Playa de Carmen specifically? Would you consider other areas?

Would you consider high concentrations of other Americans/Canadians? Perhaps you have a service you could offer them, especially being a native-speaker yourself?

Legally, what you’ll need is an FM3 visa, which has various amounts of time. You can naturalize in Mexico, too, and maintain dual citizenship. I think it lets you vote, but unlike here, you can’t run for office (my dreams of being governor of Guanajuato are crushed). Typically (like here) you need a job offer prior to being issued the visa, or if you’re going to open a business, you need a certain amount of assets. Unlike here, the penalties for illegal immigration are quite strict and often lead to jail time rather than simple deportation.

If you can manage it, it’s a great place to live economically, assuming you’re already somewhat made, or can earn more than the average salary. Great for retirees, and great for Americans working for Mexican locations of American companies, but (again, depending on how you like to live), maybe not up to our normal expectations for what the local economy considers an average salary.

It all depends on what you’re consuming and what your standard of living is. Globalized consumer commodities like that 52" flatscreen TV will still cost you $1,500 in Playa del Carmen like it will at the local Best Buy or maybe even a bit more. Services will still be significantly cheaper, but not by an enormous amount. If any Mexican can make $4.00 an hour in the Ford plant, a cheeseburger is going to cost at least $4 in the diner. Sure, a bit cheaper than the $6-7 you’d pay here for it, but how much do you spend on durable consumer goods and how much do you want to spend on services. That’s a serious question, and it will vastly influence the your relative advantage in moving south of the border.

Welcome to the globalized economy, which vastly reduces any relative advantage in purchasing power parity you might have as an American. Real wages have been growing by leaps and bounds internationally in the past decade. Also, our currency isn’t particularly strong at this point. Add in the fact that you’ll be relatively disadvantaged in the Mexican labor economy by not speaking Spanish as well as other candidates. It’s not clear exactly what your resume is, but does teaching English maximize your potential?

Also, there’s an enormous amount of variation in the United States as well. $500 won’t get you a good apartment in Springfield, Illinois? I pay $550 with utilities here in Philadelphia and I have what I think is a fairly nice set up. $500 will get you something noyce in Gallup, New Mexico or Topeka, Kansas.

Add all this together, and from simply a quality of living standpoint, you’ll probably be better off staying in the States if you just want to have a high-purchasing power lifestyle. If you want to move to Mexico because you think you’ll enjoy living in Mexico, move to Mexico. But from a purchasing power standpoint, it probably isn’t a good idea.

What have you done to maximize your purchasing power here in the states? Is there something you could do with any career to increase your income? Thought about becoming a nurse or an IRS agent?

Well, mostly I’m interested in going somewhere warm and near a beach. You can’t do that in the US unless you have lots of money or are prepared to make HUGE sacrifices - for example, my friends in Florida tell me that a 1-bedroom fixer-upper, 50 miles from the beach, will set you back $100,000. I’ve seen some pretty decent condos within a few blocks of the beach in Mexican beach towns for less than that.

Again, what’s your degree in? Perhaps more importantly, what’s your experience in? Perhaps if you don’t mind the occasional spring breakers and can tolerate gringo tourists during the day, there’s a suitable niche for you working in one of the resort towns? You could probably even take the bus with the locals from a smaller town where you’d actually do your living, such as Playa de Carmen.

You may also consider looking into Belize, as they do speak English there, and it’s on the Mexican border.

I’m not sure you’re looking hard enough. We got a very nice 2 bedroom house in Largo, FL about a block away from the beach for less than $1500 a month rent. And with the market, I think we’re going he lease-to-own route.