Boarding school.
Actually, that wasn’t a punishment, that was a move that was born out of having tried literally everything else and nothing was working. We were all in a house where everybody was mad at everybody else, and after several years of counselling and having actions having consequences and police turning up for theft and other really bad things, we decided to try boarding school. It has actually worked a treat and my now 17 year old is a fine young man getting ready for university and doing his final year at school.
Now that our problems are normal kid problems, we let his actions have their natural consequence, or if that would be too harsh or too inconvenient for us, a consequence we have all agreed would happen. (Normal teenager problems are just awesome. I love having a kid who is merely surly and lippy occasionally or just half-assed does his chores or something, because I’ve lived with the alternative.)
The way I do it now when he’s home - and he’s home for long stretches at a time - is that I give him the maximum amount of freedom that’s age appropriate, and with that comes some responsibilities. Do you want to go out with mates and stay out till midnight because that’s when the party is over? Great, go. You tell me when you’ll be home given the location of the party and public transport from where you’re going. Add in half an hour for emergencies, that’s tonight’s curfew. If you’re going to be late, call and explain. And before you go, here’s this list of things I want you to do and do well. (His major problem is doing things quickly and half-assed so he can just go already.)
Did you not do the things I asked you to do and do a proper job? Well, you’re going to be late, because you’re staying until they are done. Did you come home after we agreed you’d be home? Well next time you’ll be home at 10pm until I can trust you to do what we agreed, which was not an onerus requirement. Do you not have enough spending money (I give him a certain amount every month) to get yourself there? Gosh, that’s too bad, because we did work out a budget for you to make sure you’d have enough to go.
If he’s being surly or lippy, he needs to just go away from me and go to his room so we both cool off. (He’s a boy, and he doesn’t express himself, he just growls.) If he’s done something bad - in our house, given all of our respective histories and the discussions and the counselling and so forth, the Really Bad Thing is lying - he loses his screens and whatever the next fun thing he was going to do. And then it’s over and we all start again.
Also, because I’m a horrible mom sometimes (just ask him, it’s only sometimes!), if I’m extra super annoyed he gets to write me an essay on the topic of my chosing and the number of words of my choosing and I grade it until he gets to about a B level.
This actually was the best thing I ever did. He was failing until year 10, and he pissed me off about something unrelated, and I made him write an essay in which he picked four ‘real’ careers (attainable for him, so president, astronaut and rock star were right out) and tell me what the pros of that career were, the cons of it, how much school you had to do, what schools provided that major (or what tech school/apprenticeship you had to get into), and what you had to get on our school leaving test to get into that major. Best punishment ever, for some reason he picked primary school teacher as one of the four choices and the more research he did, the better he liked it. Now he’s doing awesome in school, because he did some research and had a goal and now he’s decided that’s what he wants to do. (I remember the other three were lawyer, electrician and something else I forget.)
So I guess my suggestion is have them write essays. It improves their writing skills, makes them get out of your hair, and might even do them some good in the long term. 