Tris has a lot of good points, and I’d like to add my own.
[QUOTE=Derleth]
Anyone who practices ‘facilitated communication’ should be put out of everyone’s misery.
[/QUOTE]
I’ve had experience teaching in a severe and profound classroom. We, in part, used “facilitated” communication methods, and they greatly improved the students’ ability to communicate, and it significantly contributed to the quality of their lives.
Our most impaired students could not communicate in any well-known manner (speaking, sign language, etc.). We used a picture-exchange communication system. (I haven’t been trained in other systems, such as the “ouija board” method, so I can’t meaningfully comment on them.)
This picture-exchange communication system involves proprietary information, and should not be used except by teachers who have been specially trained by certified instructors. I imagine that many classrooms try to use communication systems without training, or they do it incompetently. Maybe this is the source of a lot of mistrust of these methods. Some of those teachers may be frauds, but we were not. For example, we never claimed that random scribblings represented anything.
Let me grossly oversimplify this method. There was a large velcro board on the wall. Little squares with icons on them were velcroed to it. And, for example, if a student wanted a drink of water, she went to the board, took off the square with a drawing of a glass of water, and handed it to me. In exchange, I gave her a glass of water. (We also had large velcro “books” of these icons that we could bring to the students who can’t walk around.)
That was the ONLY way that she could communicate to me that she was thirsty.
While that seems simple, it takes a long period of behavioral training for many of these students. They start from nothing. Many are extremely autistic. Some are nearly in a totally incapacitated state, yet even they could learn a little.
Here’s how Phase I teaching works. A velcro square with a depiction of a Cheerio on it is placed in her hand. I assist her by guiding her hand to another teacher, and I cause her to hand the other teacher the picture. In exchange, the other teacher gives her a Cheerio, which she happily eats. She is not doing any communicating. I’m “facilitating” the entire action. (How would this look if you visited my class on one of those days?) However, after some time, the student realizes that if she hands a teacher that picture, she will get a Cheerio in return. This could take hundreds of trials, depending on the ability of the student. Through a long, complicated process, this picture-exchange process is generalized to other things, and the students are trained to communicate their thoughts independently of facilitation (I am hungry, I want to play with the musical instruments, I’m too cold, I need to use the bathroom, etc. Many need assistance in using the bathroom. They can’t just walk over there and use it themselves.) Eventually, even the most profound students can learn a little vocabulary. The best students can can learn shapes, colors, sizes, foods, “I see ___,” “I smell ___.” If we reach Phase IV, students can also place the icons in sequence on strips of velcro in order to make rudimentary sentences, the easiest of which use the “I want” icon.
I’m very insulted that people call this a fraud. Unlike some people in this thread, I’ve had real experience with these students. There is no doubt that the lives of these students are drastically improved by helping them learn to communicate some of their thoughts about themselves and about their world. This fact is also proven by the reverse – when these students have an important thought that they can’t communicate, they get very frustrated, angry, and make vocalizations and gestures that express their distress.
Our parents, obviously, can also use this communication system, which profoundly helps the student’s (and parents’) lives at home. The students can communicate their needs, and their parents can help them. Are we scamming the parents?
We cared about our students and worked really hard for what looks like only a minimum of return. It was very difficult. Some students can only use a few words. However, it was rewarding. We helped our students meaningfully interact with, spend time with, and even communicate with other people. Other than that, they would live a boring life, closed off from all people.