In theory, yes.
But, let’s say that I have yearly numbers for a reasonably large sample of people, going back decades. I can look at the oldest living survivors and see if any of them were heavier than they should have been and if any were lighter.
Minus a theory for why one might be higher and another lower, that doesn’t really tell me anything.
Given samples of millions, and sufficiently detailed information about what food they were eating, their usual macro breakdown, what supplements they were taking, how often they exercised, how clean the air was that they breathed, how much sun they got, etc. maybe you might be able to correct for all the confounding elements and narrow in on a few genes or physical attributes (e.g. thick bones).
I don’t believe we’re anywhere near being able to do that. Someone might be able to move faster by tightly controlling the genetics and life style of animals like mice and rats, but I don’t believe anyone has done that.
I can imagine some scenarios where we might theorize some difference (thick bones) but a) that’s an imagined thought not a scientific reality at this moment in time, and b) nothing I can think of from the various theories of aging feel like they would vary much from person to person with a primary emphasis on body weight.
For example, stress tends to cause aging to occur faster. So we might hypothesize, for example, that Samoans with the obesity CREBRF gene variant would be under more stress at lower body weights. Except, hunger seems to mostly revolve around an extreme discomfort towards loss. The most likely explanation for the Samoan case is that, as an island people, they more strongly selected for more extreme reactions to hunger not so much a desire for fat. 19th century drawings of them, for example, do not depict overweight people:
In all of the planet, there’s no humans who were obese until modern production powers came into being.
So we might believe that going up and down in weight is more onerous and stressful for Samoans than others, but we have no reason to think that they’re going to be stressed for their entire lives if they live at a pre-modernity body weight. What would have been the point of nature evolving them to be stressed out until they come to live in an artificial, industrial environment that evolution has no reason to expect nor ability to target?
If everyone, through all of history was a slender reed with a thin layer of crazy dense muscle underneath, and that’s all nature really allowed until the last century or two, there’s no reason to think that we’d be adapted for any other body shape.
The best that I can realistically imagine is that one might have some very specific illness that demands a certain level of adiposity to delay death.
That’s not the situation of nearly anyone and, for the one of two for whom it might be, the bad BMI is probably still hurting you, just less than the other thing. Anyone making the assumption that they’re that person - minus a doctor’s order - is best to go back to the drawing board.