I’ve seen it characterized as a method for the government to put “anyone they want into federal prison for any reason,” the logic being the old standby that everyone breaks some law sometime, and on the internet, the chances that you will utilize or share something with copyrighted material is pretty high, and if people in power don’t like you, they can probably dredge up some meme or fanfic you participated in and put you in the slammer thanks to this rider. What is the truth? Will this stand legal muster?
Well, here is an article about proposed IP measures in HR 133 (the combined COVID relief and omnibus spending bill), and here is the text of HR 133 itself. I think what you want is Division Q, “Financial Services Provisions and Intellectual Property”, and within it Title II, “Intellectual Property”; check out Sec. 211, “Unauthorized Streaming”, and Sec. 1502, “Copyright Claims Board”.
What any of that will mean in practice I have no idea, sorry.
There are two copyright provisions.
One is the Copyright Alternative in Small-Claims Enforcement Act, which establishes a voluntary small-claims adjudication board (the Copyright Claims Board) within the Copyright Office. It is for copyright infringement claims with a value of no more than $30,000. It has been advocated by independent artists, especially freelance photographers, who find it too expensive to enforce their claims in federal court.
The other is the Protecting Lawful Streaming Act, which makes it a federal felony to facilitate large-scale streaming of infringing content.
There is also a trademark provision, which is often included in these conversations, but the OP asked specifically about copyright.