It seems many song titles are simply taken from the lyrics, but there must be plenty where this is not the case. The only one I can think of is “Unchained Melody”.
Can Dopers name a few more?
A Simple Desultory Philippic
I think we just did this like a week ago, but another one is Black Dog.
4 Non Blondes - What’s Up?
For What It’s Worth - Buffalo Springfield
Baba O’Riley - The Who
All by Bob Dylan:
Rainy Day Women #12 & 35
Fourth Time Around
It Takes a Lot to Laugh, It Takes a Train to Cry
From a Buick 6
Ballad of a Thin Man
Just Like Tom Thumb’s Blues
She Belongs to Me
Love Minus Zero/No Limit
My Back Pages
Ballad in Plain D
“Maybe The People Would Be The Times, or Between Clark And Hilldale,” by Love. Actually, every track on Love’s “Forever Changes” album, except “Andmoreagain” and “Old Man”.
“Queen Bitch,” “Eight Line Poem,” and “Song for Bob Dylan”, all from Bowie’s “Hunky Dory”.
That reminded me of “Bohemian Rhapsody” by Queen.
And, come to that, Bowie’s “Ziggy Stardust” does not contain the word “stardust”.
“SWLABR” and “Badge” by Cream.
Hair of the Dog - Nazareth (Now you’re messing with a son of a bitch)
“Virginia Woolf,” by the Indigo Girls
For What It’s Worth - Buffalo Springfield
Baba O’Reily - The Who
Life During Wartime - Talking Heads
Sympathy For the Devil - Rolling Stones
White Rabbit - Jefferson Airplane
mmm
“N.I.B.”, “Paranoid,” “Warning,”* and, indeed, “Black Sabbath” by Black Sabbath.
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*“Warning” was written and originally recorded by Aynsley Dunbar and his band The Aynsley Dunbar Retaliation. Dunbar’s version’s lyric does not contain the word “warning” , either, but it does begin the chorus with the line “I was warned about you, baby”. In the version on the first, eponymous, Sabbath album, however, Ozzy consistently sings “I was born without you, baby,” instead. :smack:
59th Street Bridge Song.
“Standing Outside A Broken Telephone Booth With Money In My Hand” by Primitive Radio Gods.
Which is also the longest song title I can think of.
“All New Minglewood Blues” and “New, New Minglewood Blues” by Grateful Dead.
The Crunge - Led Zeppelin (Houses of the Holy)
I don’t even know where to begin, there’s so many, especially if you listen to indie/alternative music. I could probably name hundreds, especially in the 90s. But let’s start with pretty much half of the Smashing Pumpkins output, a good bit of Nirvana, a lot of My Bloody Valentine, and I’ll throw in “Song #2” by Blur just to give one by title.
“She was waiting for her mother at the station in Torino, and you know I love you baby, but it’s getting too heavy to laugh” by Shawn Phillips. 
(And no, none of that is in the lyrics.)
“The Intro and the Outro” – The Bonzo Dog Band
“A Day in the Life” – the Beatles