*Curiously, the Quenya for ‘fire’ is nár, which just happens to be exactly identical to the Arabic word for ‘fire’. Arabic, of all languages! And here I thought Tolkien’s shtick was northwestern Europe. Do you think he was ever aware of the coincidence? Or was his linguistic palantír, so to speak, permanently turned away from the region of Far Harad?
More Arabic: the word man ‘who’ is exactly identical with the Arabic word for ‘who’.
Another coincidence: the pronoun te ‘them’ (as in the Cormallen Fields song, “a laita te ‘bless them!’”) is identical with the Sanskrit third person plural pronoun te, ‘they’.
The verbal stem car- ‘make, do’ is exactly identical with the verbal stem kar- ‘make, do’ in Sanskrit and Persian.
The preposition ter ‘through’ has the same meaning in Proto-Indo-European, as does the related word tar ‘beyond’ in Sanskrit.
The 1st-person pronoun ni ‘I’ means the same thing in Basque.
The conjunction o ‘and’ is the same word in Persian.
There are near resemblances in other languages, e.g. atar ‘father’, Turkish ata ‘father’. Vanda ‘vow, oath, solemn pledge’, Mongolian anda ‘vow, oath, solemn pledge of alliance’. Nissi ‘women’, Estonian naisi ‘women’.
(For cites of all these etyma, see the Quenya Corpus Wordlist.)
The word for ‘light’ is silmë; compare with the Finnish word for ‘eye’: silmä. This resemblance, I am confident, was deliberate.
Likewise ilm-, stem appearing in Ilmen, the region above the air where the stars are, Ilmarë, name of a Maia, and Ilmarin “mansion of the high airs” — compare with Finnish ilma ‘air’.