Hey, I can answer this one - I do contract compliance for a waste brokerage …
Communities ‘franchise’ areas for a couple of reasons.
In the old days, the town picked up garbage [using the term to mean anything discarded, i really dont want to get overcomplex.] They owned the town dump, and the trucks, and people bought their galvanized garbage cans from the local hardware store.
This cost a fair amount of money, trucks, maintenance, licensing and insurance. Personnel to pick up the trash, and to run the dump.
Then a few private companies started picking up businesses because they would run trucks any day of the week they needed, so the private companies were a lot more flexible. Of course in a lot of more urban areas, this was also a great way for the mob to make legit money, and hide illegal money.
Instead of having the mob lean on businesses to use their service, and to control and regulate the service to avoid shady business the communities started to regulate commercial carriers by picking one or two and granting them a franchise. Sometimes there are several companies franchised into an area, so it might be that Allied has the residential businesss, and Waste Management has teh commercial. It became a great way to get the cost of hauling trash off the town - all most towns do nowdays is pay a flat fee to ‘allied’ for the residential service, or the consumer contracts with allied for service and it may or may not be invoiced on his utilities billing for the town.
I used to be franchised to Waste Management, but wth the whole FBI trash industry sting in the tristate area, WM has bailed out of CT in many areas, so I have a contract with a different hauler. IIRC the town now owns what used to be WMI’s dump a few miles away.
I had to laugh at a CSI vegas a few weeks ago… they named a bogus trash company in Vegas that doesnt exist and never did=)