The Baltimore Barony, in the Irish peerage, became extinct in 1771 upon the death of the 6th Baron Baltimore, Frederick Calvert, who died age 40 without lawful issue.
Before going to Maryland, Calvert tried to establish communities in Newfoundland, including the present Ferryland, but got discouraged by the climate and sailed on to more southern prospects. The town of Calvert, Newfoundland, is named after him.
The Newfoundland dog is a large working dog. They were originally bred and used as a working dog for fishermen in the Dominion of Newfoundland (which is now part of Canada). They are known for their giant size, intelligence, tremendous strength, calm dispositions, and loyalty. Newfoundland dogs excel at water rescue/lifesaving because of their muscular build, thick double coat, webbed feet, and innate swimming abilities.
Pennsylvania once required citizens to sign a loyalty oath to own, possess or use guns.
The Second Amendment of the United States Constitution reads:
“A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.”
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In 1926 a Constitutional amendment giving Congress the power to regulate child labor was passed by Congress, but it never became law because only 28 states also passed it.
I’m not real sure how we got from Newfoundland dogs to Pennsylvania loyalty oaths for guns purchases, but I’ll let it go for now (albeit if Fear Itself would care to explain the logic…)
In play:
Robert Goddard, who as a theorist and engineer is often called the father of American rocketry, launched the first liquid-fueled (gasoline and liquid oxygen) rocket on March 16, 1926, in Auburn, Massachusetts.
Wow - never heard of it before. More details, and some interesting recent pics, here: Frank Slide - Wikipedia
American rocketry pioneer Robert Goddard briefly appeared in the opening credits of Star Trek: Enterprise, which aired on UPN from 2001-2005.
In an op-ed piece on 13 January 1920, the New York Times ridiculed Robert Goddard for thinking a rocket could travel in a vacuum. The NYT apologized for the piece on 17 July 1969 by admitting that it was now proven a rocket could work in a vacuum and ending with “The Times regrets the error.”
In-Play:
There is a legend that Robert the Bruce, on the run from the English, was inspired to try again to defeat them by watching a spider repeatedly try to build a web and finally succeed after several attempts.
Aside:
“They are known for their giant size, intelligence, tremendous strength, calm dispositions, and loyalty.”
“Pennsylvania once required citizens to sign a loyalty oath to own, possess or use guns.”
Two of Robert the Bruce’s loyal commanders were the brothers John of Bonkyl and James Stewart. (James’ son married the daughter of King Robert the Bruce, founding the royal Stuart dynasty.)
Although his corpse has not been exhumed, it is known that the R1b-S781 Y-chromosome mutation first occurred in John of Bonkyl. He had two sons each with surviving agnatic descendants; all have the S781 mutation, but James’ descendants do not have S781.
A popular Berwickshire rhyme refers to the medieval strengths of Bonkyll (spelled Bunkle) and the nearby fortresses of Billie Castle, and Blanerne Castle referring to their construction in the time of David I and their destruction following the Rough wooing:
Bunkle, Billie and Blanerne
Three castles strong as airn
Built when Davie was a Bairn
Theyll all gang doon,
Wi Scotland's Croon
An ilka ane shall be a cairnScotland is divided into lieutenancies and shires, and Berwickshire is one of the 35 lieutenancy areas of Scotland.
In 1958, Egypt and Syria merged into a United Arab Republic, which lasted three years, when they divided back into their original entities. But Egypt continued to call itself the United Arab Republic for ten more years.
Among the eight countries with largest Muslim population, Egypt is the only one with Arabic as an official language.
Ancient Egyptians were the first people to have a year consisting of 365 days divided into 12 months. They also invented clocks. They needed to predict when the Nile would flood, which led to the development of the world’s first calendar.
Harold Hurst’s research on Nile River variations was an important influence leading the mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot to conclude that new statistical laws were needed to describe many natural phenomena.
It’s the loyalty thing.
Very clever, Fear itself; Much thanks to you and Piper.
In play:
Hurst Street is the main street of the Birmingham Gay Village and is located along the edge of the Chinese Quarter of Birmingham, England. In the mid-nineteenth century, Hurst Street was the centre of Birmingham’s Jewish community, with most Jewish immigrants to Birmingham living in slums around Hurst Street. Hurst Street is also the location of the Birmingham Hippodrome, a theatre specialising in ballet, opera, and musicals, which serves as the home of the Birmingham Royal Ballet.