For sheer points, you put a clear plastic end on the upstream side, (and downstream), accurately showing the soil/rock layers from ground to whatever depth is shown in the scale on the “end view”.
What’s the target audience? This might be a clue to a technique to use.
One of the techniques I really like is to use colored and poured sugar for water. It’s got a little bit of clarity, but not too much, and settles into all of the gaps in sand or whatever else the model is made of. You have a fair bit of time to flatten and even texture it while it cools so you could add waves, ripples, eddies, etc.
However, I’m not sure how appropriate it is for a visitor center where it will need to last for a long time. Sugar would suck up humidity in the air and then become a dust magnet.
It’s possible the same effect could be achieved with some kind of plastic, but I’m not familiar with that.
Just “chop” it off as if a gigantic knife cut out your diorama. You can “see” into the water on each end.
Most model railroads I’ve looked at simply have a piece of wood trim on the edge that comes up flush with the “ground”, and the river just sort of dead-ends. It’s not as distracting as you would think.
Build your model as if you actually sliced the earth away, and follow butler1850’s suggestions. Like this. I would use a translucnt (maybe blue) plastic to represent the water’s surface and for the “wall” of water at the edge of the model.
Another option is to give your model a frame, such that the entire model is enclosed by something, like this.
They sell stuff at Michael’s Craft store. I forget the name, but it is used to fill up flower vases and such. Also, google Woodland Scenics, they have a pourable water I believe. There is another product out there called Instant Water. Sorry, no linkies.
What will you be using for water? I’ve done some model railroading and there are a number of techniques and products you can use.
Woodland Scenics makes a couple and can be found in hobby stores like Hobby Lobby or specialty modeling shops. You start by putting up a temporary barrier or dam at the edge of your diorama, and then poor the “water” in. After it hardens, you can remove your barrier and you will have a nice clean edge. There are samples shown in the link above.
ETA: Here are 10 Ways to Model Water with the advantages and disadvantes of each listed.
I think in this case, showing the earth strata below the surface, in relationship to the dam construction & configuration would be highly appropriate. Especially if there are details on how the dam was constructed in the first place. Plexiglass all around the edges, perhaps with a cutaway into the dam it self, showing it’s construction relative to the water levels would be very impressive.
Another point: My experience using a few of these products is that you can only pour a thin layer at a time, such as maybe a 1/4". Then you add layers as it cures. If you try to pour it too thick, it won’t cure and will be forever sticky.