My meager understanding of Jewish dietary law is that of an outsider. As I see it, the law applies to meat and animal products, such as milk. Not a peep about plant matter.
With that in mind, is a kosher dill pickle really kosher, compared and contrasted to Polish or zesty dills? Or is this a matter of naming?
It’s kosher if it’s certified kosher by a rabbinic authority, like the Orthodox Union. For the OU, look for the letter U inside a circle on the label. Other groups have their own distinctive marks.
For pickles, the vinegar is an issue. If the vinegar isn’t kosher, the pickles are not going to be kosher. Vinegar produced from non-kosher wine is not kosher.
For any food product, even if it is made from plant matter, there is the issue of ingredients and additives, which may be non-kosher. There is also the issue of the machinery and equipment used to produce the product.
For some things, not every ingredient is listed on the label, or it’s listed in a generic manner.
also bear in mind that its not just the ingredients … its also the production process … so you must e.g. guarantee that no menstruating woman was touching the pickle …
wait - there is a joke in there somewhere…
The production process is important to producing kosher food, but I’ve never heard that a menstruating woman touching kosher food renders it non-kosher. (and I keep kosher- I’m pretty sure I would know if that were one of the rules) I would think you’d want to minimize the number of people who touch the food just for sanitary reasons, but that wouldn’t be just for kosher food.
What they do look for in the production process for most foods is that no non-kosher ingredients (pork, shellfish, etc) or stuff derived from non-kosher ingredients or from a mixture of dairy and meat products are used. They also ensure that equipment used to process kosher food isn’t also being used to process non-kosher food, as the non-kosher food might leave a residue on the equipment.
In the US, it’s important to remember the distinction between something labeled “Kosher” and something labeled “Kosher-style” The former means it really is kosher. The latter means with the same ingredients, but without the concern as to whether or not those ingredients actually are kosher. So it tastes the same, but may not be kosher.
I have nothing useful to add but on my first night as housekeeper/cook on a Moshav in Israel, I made lasagne for dinner…opps. The family ate it graciously but I got my first ever lesson about Kosher.
I have to concede the point on additives like polysorbate 80. I’ve made dill pickles at home, which consisted of cucumbers, vinegar, dill, garlic, and salt. Nothing in that list would violate the kosher designation to my meager knowledge, and therefore is/was the root of my befuddlement.
The containers used to mix the ingredients – were they ritually clean? Had any single container, bowl, spoon, etc, been used in the past for both meat and dairy?
Of the things that are in the waters, anything that has both fins and scales in kosher. See Lev. 11:9 and Deut. 14:9. No lobsters, shrimp, clams, mollusks, octopus, squid, or crabs. In general, if it’s an ordinary fish – tuna, bass, halibut, carp, salmon, herring, even minnows – it’s fine.
Land mammals – in general, any animal that has cloven hooves and chews its cud is fine. See Lev. 11:3 and Deut. 14:6. Cows, buffalo, sheep, goat, elk, and deer are all kosher. Any land mammal that does not have both of these qualities is trefe. The Torah specifically mentions that camels, rabbits, and pigs are not kosher because each lacks one of these two characteristics.
Note that for land mammals, not only must the animal itself be kosher, must it must be butchered in the correct ritual manner. Slaughtering a cow incorrectly can render the meat unkosher. A shochet, a pious and learned butcher, is necessary to at least oversee this process.
Birds are a more difficult category, but unless someone’s specifically interested, I won’t type all the bird rules out.