The title says it all; I’ll let those who respond decide how long is “long”.
I’m pretty sure the hair of James K. Polk would be considered “long,” for a man, today - so, at least in America, we’ve had one long-haired president.
Is the OP referring to modern times? If so, I’m having a hard time thinking of any. (In Polk’s time long hair was unremarkable.)
Robert Walpole, considered the first prime minister of the UK (1721), is depicted with hair past his shoulders. (Of course, it was probably a wig, but still, it’s long hair.) Before that, in 1689, the long-haired William III was elected King of England and King of Scotland, albeit by Parliament alone. So there’s your two highest offices taken care of (head of state and head of government).
I’m thinking of modern times, yes.
Ben Nighthorse Campbell was a US Senator
Former President of India (2002-2007) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam:
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He was India’s first rocket-scientist and bachelor to be president, which explains the hair 
Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh also has long hair, I’d assume, being a Sikh and all, even though he wears it up in a turban, being a Sikh and all.
Oh yeah, heh. Didn’t cross my mind. His hair is probably down to his waist. I guess he wins the thread 
Does India count as an English-speaking country? I mean, they do often speak English, but it’s a second language. Their primary language is Hindi, isn’t it?
Our Indian dopers will be able to provide better information, but India does count as an English-speaking country, yes.
Spain is a Spanish-speaking country, although there is a (larger in the last 10 years) segment of the population which speaks Spanish as a second language.
Hindi and English are the official languages of India.
If you count Hong Kong as an English-speaking country (where it is an official language and is still very widely used in the government and business), the eccentric Leung Kwok Hung was an MP until he resigned in January as a political stunt to force a by-election. He vows to not cut his hair until China apologizes for the Tiananmen Massacre.
You’ll have to define what you mean by “modern times”. Many historians date modern times to the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. I suspect you would use a much later date. But does it include the 1840s when Polk was U.S. president?
Go long hair dudes, go!
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Kinthalis, who has long hair
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And who is, unfortunately, not president of the U.S yet.
What’s considered “modern times”? Presumably it excludes George Washington, who is wearing a pigtail on the US quarter.
Woodrow Wilson’s VP, Thomas Marshall, may be the closest thing we can find to long hair in Amrerican national office affter 1900.
And while he wasn’t elected, Chief Justice Melville Fuller had an awesome head of hair.
Pretty bitchin’ mustache, too.
Following up leads in the Sikh category for indisputably English-speaking countries:
New Zealand Member of Parliament Khanwaljit Singh Bakshi is a pagri wala (turban wearer), so presumably has long hair.
Well if we are going by English is offical language country, former Pakistani Minister, Humayun Akhtar.
