Maybe the government doesn’t owe that to its citizens, but it’s in the government’s, as well as society’s, best interests to do so.
We covered this in econ when we were learning about externalities. Externalities are costs or benefits for a product/service that are not accurately included in the market price. They can be positive or negative. Negative externalities can be represented by pollution. It can be argued that the price of gas does not include all of the costs with its use–increasing levels of carbon dioxide, particulates in the air, etc.
Externalities can also be positive. Education is the classic example of a positive externality. When people bitch about paying property taxes so someone else’s kids can go to school, or government subsidized student loans, or vocational programs for people on welfare, they’re usually not considering the positive externalities of education. In general, an educated person is more likely to be gainfully employeed, and higher education tends to result in jobs that are higher-paying. Which means more taxes for the government. Which means less crime, as people don’t need to steal to eat. Which means that their children will benefit from growing up in a household that doesn’t have to worry about living paycheck to paycheck.
In short: education good.