Just heard about this on the morning new on my way into work. It’s not all that far away. It’s already made the national news:
It sounds like a classic case of mixing bleach (or “Super 8”, which apparently contains the sodium hypochlorite from bleach) with acid or ammonia, which liberates chlorine gas. There have been numerous reports through the years about this kind of thing happening in bathrooms, with people mixing bleach with toilet cleaner. That’s why they put the warning labels on about not mixing your cleaning products.
The SDS Sheet [warning: 140 KB PDF] does in fact note, on Page 3 of 4, “**Incompatibility: **Strong acids, nitrogen and oxidizers.” But no, it doesn’t say “Listen up, high school kid working part-time in the back of the restaurant: DON’T MIX THIS WITH AMMONIA, IT WILL KILL YOU.” Maybe it should have.
One clue from the news coverage: they refer to “Super 8” as a “floor cleaner,” whereas it’s actually designed as a sanitizer for the final rinse of dishwashing. Long long ago when I managed a chicken joint, ammonia was the go-to for degreasing the floors, and so we used quaternary ammonium-based dish sanitizers; we actually had a “NO CHLORINE IN THE BUILDING” rule posted.
If someone put that chlorine-based dish sanitizer in a mop bucket, no telling what else had been used for mopping too.
The sad reality is that SDS sheets are either ignored or tossed in the garbage. I work in a drug testing lab, and I can’t remember the last time I looked at one. I know where they are in my lab and that’s about it. If we treat them like that at a lab, odds are the workers at a Buffalo Wild Wings have no knowledge of them at all.
Neither the SDS sheet nor the bottle of Super 8 (at least what I can see of it on their website) warns about the hazards of mixing the product with ammonia, acid, or other chemicls that can liberate the chlorine as clearly as the warnings I’ve seen on home products.
I worked in a grocery store deli about 30 years ago in high school and the same thing happened. I didn’t even actively mix any agents. I used some bleach water try and clean up some beet juice stains on the floor. There was probably some residual ammonia rinse from a previous day in the P-trap of the floor drain that reacted with the bleach. We had to evacuate the store when fumes came up from the drain. I was closest, and my throat was burned raw enough to lose my voice for a few days afterward.
Well, the actual problem is that it releases chlorine gas.
Which turns into hydrochloric acid upon contact with water. Such as the water in the mucus that lines your nose, throat, and lungs. And the saliva in your mouth.
From what I’ve read, bleach (sodium hypochlorite) and ammonia actually releases chloramine gases, not straight chlorine. Still poisonous though, although not as as bad as chlorine.
But bleach and acid combines to form straight chlorine gas, which IS very toxic. Enough so that it was the first chemical warfare agent.
Well, unless your job involves those SDSs - I’m a lab supervisor at an academic institution, and one of my projects is taking information from the SDSs and incorporating it into signage at storage locations so students and professors (who generally don’t have the time and inclination to look at SDSs) don’t have to read the SDS to get an idea of the relevant hazards.
I do worry that no one reads signs, but I feel like a lot of other institutions don’t do a good job of labeling hazards.
Inhaling those sorts of fumes basically causes a chemical burn to the inside of your lungs.
Apparently, the deceased was a manager attempting to clear the hazard from the restaurant. He sent everyone else away in the evacuation, then attempted clean up on his own. Good intentions, bad result.
Really, under such circumstances leave the mess for a professional hazmat team.
I’m wondering what needs to change so there’s not a recurrence of this. Should Scale Kleen and Super 8 not be used in the same location? Or is this just an rare accident (the Scale Kleen was spilled accidentally, so perhaps), and no processes need to change?
Yes this. You do not keep incompatible cleaners on site. You may try to keep your staff informed, you may try to keep them fully trained, but that is an endless task that you will fail at.
And you cannot even rely upon your most trained and senior staff from making a mistake. Tired, distracted, in a hurry, etc. You prepare for the stupidest, lower, denominator. Try to make the mistakes less likely to happen.
I don’t think most people realize this, but MOST households have “incompatible cleaners” on hand, often sharing space under the same sink or in the same utility closet.
As an example: don’t mix household chlorine bleach with ammonia-based cleaners. It can kill you. It has killed people.
The wonder is this sort of thing doesn’t happen more often.
I think most people have heard not to mix ammonia and chlorine-based cleaners but may not have heard of the danger of mixing acidic and chlorine-based cleaners. (Not to mention that I don’t think there are many acidic household cleaners.) Here and here are the webpages for these two products. If you actually read the SDS for Scale Kleen, it warns against using it with chlorine-based products, but, as said above, who reads that stuff?
Well, OK, one exception - I do make my own spray cleaners now. But I researched doing so before I did it, and I’m still careful about what goes into them and don’t mix the results with other cleaners.