Sorry, no, you can’t. We’re approaching the limts of my memory, but you can’t tell the difference between acceleration and a gravitational “field”. This “equivalence principle” is the foundation of general relativity. See The Equivalence Principle and Remarks on General Relativity.
:sigh: I knew someone would complain about this, I just knew it. I was trying to keep the lingo down.
Try this instead: you can tell if you
are in an inertial frame of reference or not.
At any rate, I was primarily aiming my remarks at a hypothetical universe where SR holds, and where there is no gravity due to mass (sorry, the energy-momentum tensor). If you are in an SR universe, there is no reason for inertial frames of reference not to be priveleged.