Apple iCloud and synching devices

I have delved through all the help files I can find but have come up dry.
I recently purchased a Mac Book pro, since I have two iPads, an iPod and my HP laptop died.
I have shared and authorized and synched all the devices, but I have one major problem.
On the Mac, I only have 120+ songs, but on the iPod, there are 530+.
It seems like only those songs I purchased through iTunes get transferred.
I did successfully back up the iPod to ICloud, but still can’t find the 400 songs. They are still accessible on the iPod.
The CDs I had carefully burned from purchased discs to my HP, then went to Windows Explorer and copied them to my iPod, which I could access as another drive.
In the Mac, I can’t seem to get that kind of access. And I really don’t want to spend another day copying all the CDs again.
Any hints? If This isn’t enough detail, please PM me, but if others have the same issue(s) it might be beneficial here in the Dope.

iCloud, by itself, only syncs content you’ve purchased from Apple. In order for your ripped content to sync, you need to pay $24.99 for “iTunes Match”, and even then, only the content that’s available through iTunes is synced, so if you have a bunch of self-made throat-singing recordings, those won’t show up, even with Match.

ETA: I take that back; Match will upload any songs that aren’t already available in iTunes.

iTunes Match is not the right tool for this job.
You need an app which will transfer songs off of your iPod to your Mac.
As an example: https://www.fadingred.com/senuti/

Exactly this. Due to a series of decisions and restrictions made back when the record labels were in the driver’ seat, it’s a one-way trip from computer to iPad/iPod. You can’t sync music back to a computer from an iPad without a third-party app like Senuti.

The exception is music purchased through iTunes, but that doesn’t exactly get synced back, it’s just always available to a signed-in account holder.

Yep, I recently got a new computer after the old one had totally given up the ghost (my repeatedly dropping it had nothing to do with it I’m sure.) I used a program called Sharepod(http://www.getsharepod.com/) to transfer my music from my Iphone5 to my new computer. It was free to try, $20 to buy. It worked wonderfully.

Thank you all.

Thank you all.