In response to OP’s original post, thank you for the juicy question! Well posed, many threads of thought to unravel.
First, let’s address the surface questions before delving into my crazy thoughts. (I’m playing, I don’t really think I’m crazy.) I do think there is a false sense of connectedness in internet/phone conversations that take people unawares. There is something unidentifiable about looking at a person face to face as you sit down next to them and truly interact that is lost in the hasty little texts and interactions we perform from our devices. We unwittingly turn to our phone and social media when we’re hungry for social interaction, and I think the reason it could make people lonelier than before the advent of these things is we’re… How to say this. Complacent. I could be wrong, but what once might have been a request to get coffee is reduced to “Hey, what’s up?” in a text that gets seen but not replied to.
Inadvertently, I fully believe the dissolving of the religious nature that once described our country is a direct contributor to people feeling more lonely. (And I suspect you do too, but it’s hard to read much between the lines in a purely textual setting.) I did not say I think people need to believe in God again. (That’s another thought for another time.) However, the impact of social cohesiveness and emotional support that regularly meeting a select group of people provides/provided cannot be brushed aside. It is often understated just how much our species thrives or fails based on the level of social support they receive.
Job insecurity does not only impact loneliness, but I think it would threaten a person on multiple mental fronts. Without money, one cannot buy food. Having a job is about survival. When a person loses their job, especially a breadwinner, I would think more than social connections being severed troubles them. This can be seen in the reported loss of self-esteem many are said to face when they struggle to find a new job. In fact, being brought down to such a basic level of necessity would create intense stress and probably make the idea of socializing seem less important than the current predicament. (I have many thoughts about this as well but I won’t elaborate here.)
Now to my crazy thoughts. I think there are issues relating to lack of validation that manifest as feelings of loneliness that should be considered (My immediate thoughts run to early lack of bonding/emotional abuse in life. For example.). And, I think the current social atmosphere only serves to deepen these feelings, as well. I also think the issue is a lot more simple than it seems. We are social animals. In fact, we are intensely psychologically impacted by one another. When we are treated in a nurturing way, we start to form a positive opinion of ourselves. Somehow, when we’re damaged by one another, we likewise begin to form a negative opinion of ourselves. And, with the lack of interaction, we deteriorate psychologically. (That or we befriend bears and wolves and stuff. Just kidding. That’s pretty rare.) People move away to find jobs, families divorce, and many don’t even gather for dinner. I think this is causing all kinds of problems, and people are looking for identity and belonging in places beyond the family. I don’t think it can be stopped, though, just that perhaps in our only recent internet-connected world we haven’t fully adjusted. We’re, I am supposing, only temporarily lonelier. (As a society.)