Reversing the river. Plenty more info easily googleable. The statements in the site I link about the cholera epidemic are urban legend, tho.
To the best of my knowledge (and I kinda pay attention to this kind of thing) the ONLY times the river would run into the lake these days would be following a torrential downpour, if the storm sewers got flooded. But that’s why they did the Deep Tunnel project.
Am in the process of reading a history of the Chicago River. According to this book, one of - if not the reason Chicago exists, is because of the existence of a subcontinental divide on what is now the SW side of the city. From all points east of this divide, all water naturally drains down to the east, flowing into the Atlantic. From all points west, it flows into the Mississippi and into the Gulf of Mexico. Apparently in the Chicago area is where this divide is at its lowest - only a couple of feet - making for a relatively easy portage, and later, canals.
Before the canals, there was a slough on or near the divide called Mud Lake. From what I read, at times the direction of flow out of Mud Lake could depend on which direction the wind was blowing.
I now return you to your previously scheduled discussion.