I could’ve been one of the incoming freshmen. Not my place (I was in California), but I knew all those people.
The murder in Errol Morris’ The Thin Blue Line happened in my hometown when I was in grade school. Since my mother owned a blue 4-door Ford Maverick, and its twin, a Mercury Comet, figures into the story, it kind of does take me back.
Not to mention, they got all of the accents right. 
You beat me to it. That movie was pitch perfect.
I grew up in DC in the 70s, and most of the movies depicting this time and place are set inside the White House (never been there) or the Washington Post (which I visited once in the 80s and it hadn’t changed much). The Exorcist nailed it best, I guess. Washington movies seldom try to get the vibe of the actual city.
The Fortune Cookie was filmed in Cleveland in 1966.
Try Super-8. Early '80s, close enough.
LA in the 1970s. A million of them. Adam-12 on TV did a great job of capturing the non-Hollywood life.
And I didn’t grow up in Shermer but I was in high school from 1981-1985. The Breakfast Club resonated pretty strongly.
The Prize Winner of Defiance, Ohio
From ages 4 to 7 in the mid 1950s, I lived about twenty miles from Defiance.
Only one. A kid’s TV series called The Mad Dog Gang. The whole thing is on YouTube if you want to watch it. It was literally filmed up the hill from where I lived, so close that some kids we knew were cast as extras (in fact I remember we had gymnastics class together the day after it screened on TV).
I don’t know of any flicks set in the New Jersey of my childhood, but there are plenty of films set in New York City at that time (most of them actually filmed there).
NYC was only an hour’s bus or train ride away.
And, yes, the films did capture the way it looked and felt. It’s a bygone era now – the social makeup has changed dramatically. The automats are gone. On the plus side, 42nd street is no longer as depressingly exploitation-filled as it once was. (On the minus side, we didn’t have character-dressed people looking for money to have your picture taken with them, or “painted ladies”)
The Tom Cruise movie Born on the Fourth of July, I have to admit, did a great job of recreating the “feel” of a 1950s-1960s local supermarket. And their 1960s New York felt spot-on.
Right place and time, but falls apart on the realistic part. That wasn’t how the zombie incident played out at all.
The Sandlot came pretty close to some of my childhood experiences and, while the location was different it had enough similarity to my locale.
New England in the 70s…Jaws is the only one that’s coming to mind.
Add me to the list. Felt like I was back in high school in Northern California.
I would also say ET: those housing developments with unfinished houses and kids messing around on their bikes were everywhere when I was growing up.
Breakfast Club.
I grew up in a different suburban locale, but so much if it rang true.
As noted by several people, Dazed and Confused.
While I grew up in Wisconsin, not Austin, but the feel was spot on. I watched it with a friend that also went there, and we were recognizing classmates in the characters. We would both, independently, “name” one of the characters and we both agreed.
Two big differences: in the film, everybody smoked pot. It was no where near that pervasive in my school. I chalk that up to faulty memories - stoners think everyone is like them.
Also, the whole paddlin’ thing. WTF was that?
In a word, Texas.
I was a high schooler in New York at the time D & C took place, and it sure felt as if I was the only person I knew who DIDN’T smoke weed openly.
I don’t recall seeing any movies that gave off anything close to a 1980s North Texas vibe.
And no, the TV Show Dallas does not take me back. 
Speaking of Wisconsin, I never thought That 70’s Show even came close to being representative of Wisconsin in the 70s. I admit I didn’t watch it very long, but it didn’t seem to get any details or attitudes correct.
And Happy Days seemed more like So-Cal than Milwaukee, but that was typical for any actually-filmed-in-the-70s sitcom.