Different version of the 10 Commandments

Factual Questions
1

A sentence in a USA Today editorial states

I also vaguely remember someone mentioning that Catholics also had a slightly different version of the ten commandments.

My questions are:

  1. Are there different sets of the ten commandments for each religion/denomination?

  2. If so, how did different sets of ten commandments evolve out of the same verses of Exodus?

  3. What is so special about the first ten commandments as opposed to the other 621? Did the god of the Bible partition these off as more important than the others, or is this strictly man’s doing?

  4. I have never heard a Christian mention the 631 commandments, only Jews. Is there a discrepancy here? If so, why?

2

Well, as a matter of fact, it’s **all **strictly man’s doing.

Or are you looking for some kind of objectively verifiable facts? Good luck.

3

If you find a set where Number 3 is “Hi, Opal!”, you’ve probably found the Bokononist web site. :wink:

4

The Ten Commandments are a summary. If you look closely, you’ll see that the other 621 are all more specific examples of one Commandment or another.

Here is a comparison/contrasting of the Protestant and Catholic Ten Commandments:

Which Commandments?

The Catholic version leaves out the second commandment: “Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image…” in an apparent attempt to excuse all those statues of saints. To keep the list at the traditional number of Ten, the Tenth Commandment, “Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s house… wife… ox…” has been split into two: “9. hou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s wife. 10. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s goods.”

5

heh I just noticed that the link I provided is to an atheist site. I guess that’s okay, for our purpose here. I was just looking for a list of the two versions side by side.

6

Whether you’re Jewish, Catholic or Protestant, the commandments are exactly the same. All that changes is how they’re arranged and numbered.

Catholics tend to treat “I am the Lord thy God; thou shalt not have any gods before me” and “Thou shalt not put before me a graven image” as one commandment, and call it #1. Catholics also tend to treat “Thou shalt not covet they neighbor’s wife” and “Thou shalt not covet they neighbor’s ox/ass/property” as two separate commandments, #9 and #10, respectively.

Protestants, however, typically treat ALL prohibitions against coveting as one commandment (#10). And they generally treat “I am the Lord thy God; thou shalt not have any gods before me” and “Thou shalt not put before me a graven image” as two different commandments (#1 and #2, respectively).

7

A couple of points: AFAIK, Catholics do not omit the “graven images” commandment, but take it as a prohibition of idolatry rather than statuary, which is why they read it together whth the “no other gods before Me” passage that immediately precedes it.

Second, the Decalogue (Ten Commandments taken as a Bible passage) are repeated at the end of the 40 years in the Wilderness. The first giving of them is three months after the actual Exodus from Egypt, and is recounted in Exodus 20:1-17. 40 years later, when the Israelites have arrived in Transjordania and are preparing to cross the Jordan into the Holy Land, Moses does a loooong sermon on all the stuff God’s taught them, and begins it by reiterating theTen Commandments, with slight wording changes amplifying the original set, in Deuteronomy 5:1-21.

The (abridged) Episcopal listing of them in traditonal language (begins at bottom of page, continues onto next page) and modern language.

8

“I now present the fifteen…”

[~CRASH~]

“…uh,… TEN commandments.”
(Moses was a bit on the clumsy side).

9

Jesus revised the ten commandments into just two:

Love thy neighbour, love thy God.

That for me is the essence of all religion - or if you omit the God part - humanitarianism/loving atheism.

Much easier than remembering if it’s your neighbour’s goat or pig you’re not supposed to covet.

10

Where in the Bible does he say that?

11

Matt 22:37-39
37: Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.
38: This is the first and great commandment.
39: And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

12

Nicely put, Ned.

I’ve always regarded them as the Eleven Commandments in order to fully accommodate my Catholic upbringing. After all, the magic number ‘ten’ does not appear in the Bible to characterize this aspect of the law.

13

Dividing the commandments of the tablets into a set of a nice round number of 10 was a later development. They could have just as easily been divided into 9 or 11 distinct commandments.

Jesus’ summary of the two greatest commandments comes from other places of the giving of the law of Moses in Deuteronomy 6:5 and Leviticus 19:18.

If you want be a smart-ass, the next time your minister or Sunday school teacher asks you for the 10 commandments, give them the two that Jesus used and quote Mt 22:40 “On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.”

Peace.

Take two tablets and call me in the morning of a new age. -God.

14

Contrary to many claims here, there ** ARE** two very different versions of the so-called Ten Commandments, and those people who prefer the first and most popular version are defying God Himself!

All you Judeo-Christian believers out there – including that judge who refuses to remove the superseded Ten Commandments from his courthouse – should be honoring the Decalogue Mark II.

Let’s read our Bibles, shall we? And learn how – just like of Joseph Smith and the first 116 original pages of the BoM – God apparently had a “senior moment”, forgot the contents of the original Decalogue, and was forced to fabricate (in both senses of the word) the Ten Commandments Mark II from a surprisingly imperfect memory for a reputedly All-Knowing Deity.

Let’s start with Exodus 34, Verses 1-4 (from the RSV):

The setting has now been established. Because Moses smashed the tablets of the Ten Commandments Mark I, God told him to come back and He would (and I quote verbatim): “write upon the tables the words that were on the first tables”. In other words, the Bible reports that Mark II was going to be an exact copy of the original set. But as we compare the two which have been passed down to us, it seems that God was either fibbing or He had forgotten the contents of the original, for in verses 11-28 we see the new, revised and improved Ten Commandments, which seem rather different from the first set! (I have embedded the Commandment numbers in the text):

I hope it would not be seen as idle boasting to report proudly that I have never violated the Second or Tenth Commandments!

But I’m a little worried about God’s memory. Perhaps He was suffering from early onset Alzheimer’s or something?
So many right-wing religious folks are so publicly adamant about not only living by, but also posting the Ten Commandments in public schools and courthouses. Yet they clearly don’t even know what they really say! Perhaps we should all try to do a better job of getting the True Word out… Keep those kids away from their mother’s boiling milk, and don’t forget to “redeem” (sacrifice?) your first-born sons!

15

Yes, it does. See my post, above.

16

I can’t covet my neighbor’s ass? I’m so screwed.

:smack:

17

There are three places where it says the God handed Moses ten commandments: Exodus 34:28 and Deuteronomy 4:13 and Deuteronomy 10:4.

There are two places where those ten commandments are listed, without being “named” the ten commandments and without having numbers assigned to each commandment: Exodus 20:1 - 7 and Deteronomy 5:6 - 21.

Since the tradition of the “ten” is separate from the enumeration, there is a little bit of latitude in how the ten are reckoned.
The three traditional numbering systems are as follows (number 1 makes the most logical sense):

The division of the Commandments (with some supporters of each list):

__I.

  • Philo of Alexandria, Jewish philosopher (ca. 10 BCE - 50 CE)
  • (Flavius) Josephus, Jewish historian (fl. 1st Century CE)
  • Greek Fathers of the Church
  • Modern Orthodox Churches
  • Reformed Protestant Churches
  1. Prohibition of false or foreign gods
  2. Prohibition of images
  3. Prohibition on vain use of Divine name
  4. Honor Sabbath
  5. Honor parents
  6. Prohibition of murder
  7. Prohibition of adultery
  8. Prohibition of theft
  9. Prohibition of false witness
  10. Prohibition of covetousness

_II.

  • Clement of Alexandria, Christian theologian (150 - 215?)
  • Origen, Christian theologian (ca. 185 - 254)
  • Augustine of Hippo, Christian theologian (354 - 430)
  • Modern Catholic Church
  • Evangelical/Lutheran Protestant Churches
  1. Prohibition of false or foreign gods and images
  2. Prohibition on vain use of Divine name
  3. Honor Sabbath
  4. Honor parents
  5. Prohibition of murder
  6. Prohibition of adultery
  7. Prohibition of theft
  8. Prohibition of false witness
  9. Prohibition of coveting neighbor’s wife
  10. Prohibition of coveting neighbor’s goods

III.

  • Modern Judaism
  1. “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.”
  2. Prohibition of false or foreign gods and images
  3. Prohibition on vain use of Divine name
  4. Honor Sabbath
  5. Honor parents
  6. Prohibition of murder
  7. Prohibition of adultery
  8. Prohibition of theft
  9. Prohibition of false witness
  10. Prohibition of covetousness
18

The Jewish division of the Decalogue splits very nicely into two groups of five laws.

#1 - 5 are duties between Man and Divine. Or if you will, between Citizen and State. (Technically, IMnshO, #1 is a declaration of authority.) These rules cover issues of respect for the authority and disrespecting the authority (aka “treason”).

#6 - 10 are duties between Man and Man. These five rules are the basis of any decent society. When they are repeated in Deut. 5, they are linked by “And.” The standard commentary (probably by Rashi) is that if someone commits one of those offenses, they’re likely to commit some of the others as well.

ambushed, I’ve seen a commentary addressing the theory you described, of a “replacement” Decalogue. The commentary stated that the originator of that theory eventually disavowed it. I’m not sure if this commentary was in the Hertz or the Etz Hayiim edition of the chumash; I’ll check and get back to you.

(A chumash is a book containing the text of the Torah, divided into its 54 weekly readings, each with the appropriate portion from the Prophets, and frequently with commentaries. I forget the English equivalent, as “Bible” isn’t sufficiently precise. Zev, what word do you use?)

19

Well, as Brainbeau once said . . .

“The problem with the world is that people don’t follow the 15 commandments - especially the last 5”